Chapter 42 Fluid And Electrolytes

Question 1

pressure within the capillaries

pushes fluid out of capillaries into the interstitial space.

Answer 1

Hydrostatic pressure

Question 2

large proteins (colloids-albumin) can't
go through the membrane so the fluid is into the capillaries

Answer 2

Oncotic pressure

Question 3

Sodium values

Answer 3

136 to 145

Hypernademia –> Tented skin turgor and thirst

Hyponatremia–> hyperactive bowel sounds

Question 4

Potasium values

Answer 4

3.5 to 5

Addison’s disease high K

Question 5

Magnesium values

Answer 5

1. 3 to 2.1mEq/L
2. 65 to 1.05 mmol/L

Hypermagnesemia (Areflexia)–>loss of deep tendon reflex,hot flushed skin and diaphoresis.
Avocado high in Mg

Hypomagnesemia–> seizures, dysrhythmias

Question 6

Chloride values

Answer 6

98 to 106

Question 7

Diffusion is passive movement of electrolytes or
other particles down a concentration gradient (from areas of higher
concentration to areas of lower concentration).

Answer 7

Diffusion

Question 8

Movement of water (or other

solute) from an area of lesser to one of greater concentration

Answer 8

osmosis

Question 9

Movement across a
membrane, under pressure,
from higher to lower pressure

Answer 9

Filtration

Question 10

Water loss exceeds electrolyte loss

Answer 10

Hypertonic dehydration

Question 11

Phosphate values

Answer 11

3.0 to 4.5

Question 12

Electrolytes afecting nerves junction and muscles

Answer 12

hypomagnesemia

Hypocalcemia

Question 13

Calcium lavels

Answer 13

9 to 10.5

Hypocalcemia –> + Trousseau’s , hypotension