Chapter 41 Gastro System

Question 1

1. A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of diarrhea with dehydration. The nurse recognizes that increased peristalsis resulting in diarrhea can be related to which of the following mechanisms?
   a. Sympathetic inhibition
   b. Mixing and propulsion
   c. Sympathetic stimulation
   d. Parasympathetic stimulation

Answer 1

D

Question 2

2. A client has an elevated blood level of indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin. Which of the following might cause this finding?
   a. The gallbladder is unable to contract to release stored bile.
   b. Bilirubin is not being conjugated and excreted into the bile by the liver.
   c. The Kupffer cells in the liver are unable to remove bilirubin from the blood.
   d. There is an obstruction in the biliary tract preventing flow of bile into the small intestine.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

3. Which of the following normally protects the bowel from the acidity of gastric contents as they move into the small intestine?
   a. Inhibition of secretin release
   b. Release of bicarbonate by the pancreas
   c. Release of pancreatic digestive enzymes
   d. Release of gastrin by the duodenal mucosa

Answer 3

B

Question 4

4. An 80-year-old man states that although he adds a lot of salt to his food, it still does not have much flavour. Which of the following factors related to aging would account for this finding?
   a. Some disorder; he should not experience changes in the ability to taste
   b. Loss of taste buds, especially for sweetness and saltiness
   c. Some loss of taste sensation but no difficulty chewing food
   d. Loss of the sense of taste because the ability to smell is decreased

Answer 4

B

Question 5

5. Which of the following questions is appropriate to initiate a GI assessment?
   a. “What is your usual bowel elimination pattern?”
   b. “What percentage of your income is spent on food?”
   c. “Have you travelled to a foreign country in the past year?”
   d. “Does stress give you diarrhea?”

Answer 5

A

Question 6

6. Which of the following is appropriate for the nurse to undertake during an examination of the abdomen?
   a. Position the client in the supine position with the bed flat and knees straight.
   b. Listen in the epigastrium and all four quadrants for 2 to 5 minutes for bowel sounds.
   c. Use the following order of techniques: inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation.
   d. Describe bowel sounds as absent if no sound is heard in the lower right quadrant after 2 minutes.

Answer 6

B

Question 7

7. Which of the following findings would be considered a normal physical assessment finding of the GI system? (Select all that apply)
   a. Nonpalpable liver and spleen
   b. Borborygmi in upper right quadrant
   c. Tympany on percussion of the abdomen
   d. Liver edge 2 to 4 cm below the costal margin
   e. Finding of a firm, nodular edge on the rectal examination

Answer 7

A C

Question 8

8. Which of the following is correct in preparing a client for a
   colonoscopy?
   a. A signed consent form is not necessary.
   b. Sedation may be used during the procedure.
   c. Only one cleansing enema is necessary for preparation.
   d. A light meal should be eaten the day before the procedure.

Answer 8

B