Chapter 4.1 Flashcards
Cell wall
PLANTS ONLY
outside the cell membrane
Gives tough rigid support like a skeleton
Cell membrane
Separates inside from outside
Cytoplasm
Jelly-like substance in cell
Gives support to organelles
Allows transport of water, sugar, oxygen and other important chemicals
Organelle
Specialized cell part
Each one has its own special function to help make the whole cell work
Mitochondria
Mighty organelle that provides energy for the cell by converting glucose (sugar) to energy
Chloroplasts
PLANTS ONLY
Trap energy from the sun and make glucose (sugar)
Ribosomes
Have no membranes
Some float in cytoplasm and others are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum
Make proteins
Proteins
Can make structures
Can do activities needed by the cell
Endoplasmic reticulum
Network of membrane covered channels in the cells
Vesicles
Membrane-covered sacs (bags) form on the end of the endoplasmic reticulum
Used to carry things to different parts of the cell
Golgi body
Sorts and packages proteins for transport around the cell or to ship them out of the cell
Vacuoles
Membrane covered storage containers
PLANTS: Large, can take up almost whole cell
ANIMALS: only in some cells, very small
Nucleus
Control centre for cell organelles
Nuclear membrane
Like the cell membrane
Separates the inside of the nucleus from rest of the cell
Nucleolus
Inside nucleus
No membrane
Makes ribosomes
