Chapter 40 Animal Form and Function

Question 1

How do animals regulate their metabolism?

Answer 1

• Hypothalamus: Negative Feedback Loop (a stimulus causes a decrease in a reaction)
• Thermoregulation
• Torpor (Hibernation, Estivation)

Question 2

Homeostasis

Answer 2

animals maintain a “steady state”—a relatively constant internal environment—even when the external environment changes significantly

Question 3

Endothermic

Answer 3

able to internally regulate their metabolism and temperature using their own energy

Question 4

Ectothermic

Answer 4

Match the temperature of their environment; typically thought of as cold-blooded

Question 5

Signal Transduction

Answer 5

The process by which a cell responds to substances outside the cell through signaling molecules found on the surface of and inside the cell.

Question 6

Epithelium

Answer 6

layer of epithelial cells that lines internal/external body surfaces

Question 7

Total Energy Expenditure

Answer 7

Increases with increased body mass

Question 8

Expenditure per unit mass

Answer 8

Increases with decreased body mass

Question 9

Convergent Evolution

Answer 9

Animals evolve similar body plans/shapes due to similar environments and needed functions

Question 10

What is the role of surface area in animal organ/body systems?

Answer 10

increased surface area means more exchanging chemicals with the surroundings

Question 11

What are the basic cell types in animals?

Answer 11

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle/Contractile, Nervous