Chapter 4 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

The period from the completion of the second temple to its destruction

A

Second Temple period

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2
Q

Macedonion King whose military conquests of the Eastern Mediterranean greatly advanced the process of hellenization

A

Alexander the Great

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3
Q

The spread of Greek language and culture

A

Hellenization

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4
Q

The common language spoken for trade throughout the Roman Empire

A

Koinē Greek

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5
Q

The dynasty that arose in Egypt after the time of Alexander the Greats Empire

A

Ptolemies

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6
Q

The dynasty that arose in Syria after the time of Alexander the greats empire

A

Seleucids

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7
Q

Greek version of the Old Testament

A

Septuagint (LXX)

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8
Q

This refers to Jews who were not living in Israel but were dispersed throughout the Mediterranean world

A

Diaspora

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9
Q

The seleucid ruler who provoked the Maccabean rebellion because of his attempts to force hellenization on the Jews

A

Antiochus IV “Epiphanes”

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10
Q

Those who favored the adoption of Greek ideas (reforming)

A

Hellenists

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11
Q

Those who opposed the adoption of Greek ideas (conservative)

A

Hasidim”holy one”

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12
Q

The description of the temple of Jerusalem by Antiochus IV Epiphanes when he offered idolatrous sacrifices on the alter

A

Abomination of desolation

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13
Q

Mattathias son and first great leader of the Maccabean Revolt

A

Judas Maccabeus

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14
Q

What does Maccabeaus mean?

A

Hammer

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15
Q

The name given to Judas and his brothers who liberated Israel from Seleucid rule in the second century B.C.

A

The Maccabees

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16
Q

The Jewish feast celebrating the victory of the Maccabees over Antiochus Epiphanes and the rededication of the temple in 164 B.C

A

Hanukkah

17
Q

A line of priest-kings which would rule Israel until the Roman occupation in 63 BC

A

Hasmonean dynasty

18
Q

A Greek form of the Hebrew “Edomite”, meaning a descendant of Esau, twin brother of Jacob(Israel) and son of Isaac.

A

Idumean

19
Q

The idumean ruler who gained the throne of Israel after the Roman conquest of Palestine and ruled from 37-4 BC

A

Herod the Great

20
Q

The first true emperor of Rome; ruler of the Roman Empire at the time of Jesus’ birth

A

Caesar Augustus (Octavian)

21
Q

The Roman prefect or governor of the Roman province of Judea from AD 26-36, during the time of Jesus’ ministry

A

Pontius Pilate

22
Q

The son of Herod and tetrarch of Galilee and Perea between 4 BC and AD 39 during the period of Jesus’ ministry

A

Herod Antipas

23
Q

A Latin term meaning “Roman Peace” and referring to the period of relative peace and stability established by Caesar Augustus

A

Pax Romana

24
Q

A ruler of a Roman senatorial province

A

Proconsul

25
Q

A ruler of a Roman imperial province

A

Legate

26
Q

A Roman provincial ruler of a lower rank than a proconsul or legate

A

Prefect/procurator

27
Q

The Jewish revolution against Rome, resulting in the destruction of Jerusalem and the temple (AD 70)

A

Jewish Revolt of AD 66-73 or the Jewish War

28
Q

Famous late-first-century rabbi who established an academy for the study of the law at Jamnia on the Mediterranean coast

A

Johanan Ben Zakkai

29
Q

City on the Mediterranean coast and location of the academy for the study of the law established by Rabbi Johanan Ben Zakkai after the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70

A

Jamnia

30
Q

The second Jewish revolt (AD 132-35), led by Simon bar Koseba and resulting in the end of the Jewish State

A

Bar Kokhba Revolt