chapter 4 vocab Flashcards
activation energy
the energy required for a chemical reaction to occur, lowered by enzymes
anabolic
a chemical reaction requiring energy, when smaller components form larger products
coenzyme
an organic molecule with carbon and hydrogen that improve an enzymes function.
they either change the active site shape to fit better
or carry electrons for the substrates
active site
region where the substrate binds to the enzyme
catabolic
a chemical reaction in which a larger molecule is broken down into smaller parts
enzyme
a large, globular protein that is an organic catalyst, which speeds up chemical reactions in the body by lowering activation energy.
allosteric site
a site on the enzyme where inhibitors can bind
catalyst
a substance that increases rate of reaction by lowering activation energy
substrate
the reactants of the chemical reaction that bind to enzymes
exergonic reaction
releases energy, a catabolic reaction
endergonic reaction
absorbs energy, an anabolic reaction
saturation point
the point where substrate concentration increasing stops increasing rate of reaction - all enzymes are consistently occupied.
competitive inhibitor
a molecule with a similar shape to the substrate that binds to the active site, blocking it from the sustrate.
