Chapter 4 - The Vine Flashcards
Name the main Eurasian wine species used in winemaking
Vitis vinifera
What are American vines commonly used for?
As they are resistant to Phylloxera, they are widely used to produce rootstock onto which v.vinifera vines are grafted.
What are the two techniques used by vine growers to propagate and preserve the unique qualities of a variety?
Cutting (section of a vine shoot that is planted and then grows s a new plant), or Layering (a cane is bent down and a section is buried, which then takes root).
What is the definition of a grape variety?
A group of individual plants that can all trace their lineage back through a series of cuttings and/or layerings to a single plant.
Define clonal selection
Vines with positive mutations are selected for further propagations by cutting or layering, so that the positive characteristics of these vines can be carried forward in new plantings.
Pinot Blanc and Pinto Gris are both mutations of which grape variety?
Pinot Noir.
What are the green parts of the vine?
These are the parts that grow each new year. The shoot, and along the shoot there are leaves, buds, tendrils and flowers or berries.
What is the name for the bunches of flowers that grow on a vine shoot?
Inflorescences
Describe One-year-old Wood
Shoots turn woody during the winter after they have grown. The following spring, they become one-year-old wood, and the buds that formed on them the previous year burst and grow into shoots.
Explain a Cane versus a Spur
A cane is long, with 8-20 buds, whereas a spur is short and has only 2-3 buds.
What makes up Permanent Wood?
The trunk, and where present, the arms of the vine.
How are most vines protected from Phylloxera?
By grafting V.vinifera onto root systems from other systems.
What is crossing?
When a new variety is produced from two parents of the same species. Technically, every grape variety used today is a crossing. An example is Pinotage which is a cross of Pinot Noir and Cinsault
What is a hybrid?
A vine whose parents come from two different vine species. They typically have at least one American vine as a parent.
What is grafting?
The technique used to join a rootstock to a V.vinifera variety. The most popular process is Bench Grafting.
