Chapter 4-- The Digestive System

Question 1

Define a system

Answer 1

A system is a group of organs working together

Question 2

Define digest

Answer 2

To break down large food particles to smaller particles

Question 3

What do we need food for

Answer 3

We need food for
Energy
Growth
Repair

Question 4

Name the five steps to provide nutrition for the body

Answer 4

Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Assimilation 
Egestion

Question 5

Define ingestion

Answer 5

Take in food ( eating)

Question 6

Define digestion

Answer 6

Breaking down the food

Question 7

Define absorption

Answer 7

The food passing into the blood system ( for delivery to all cells in the body

Question 8

Define assimilation

Answer 8

The food being put to use by the cells for example energy growth repair

Question 9

Define egestion

Answer 9

Passing any unabsorbed food out in the form of faeces

Question 10

3 functions of the mouth

Answer 10

Take in food
Crush food with teeth
Amylase is added to the food

Question 11

1 function of the oesophagus

Answer 11

Carry food down to the stomach

Question 12

2 functions of the stomach

Answer 12

Churn the food

Add acid to the food

Question 13

2 of the small intestine

Answer 13

Further digestion by enzymes

Absorption of digested food into the blood

Question 14

2 for large intestine

Answer 14

Water is absorbed into the blood

The waste is left for egestion

Question 15

Define the salivary glands

Answer 15

Make saliva which contains an enzyme called amylase to break down starch to smaller sugars

Question 16

2 for liver

Answer 16

Produces liquid bile which helps digest fats

Regulates the amount of each food in the blood

Question 17

Define gall bladder

Answer 17

Stored bile from the liver until it is needed

Question 18

Define pancreas

Answer 18

Makes enzymes to break down food

Question 19

Define amylase

Answer 19

Amylase is an enzyme that breaks starch down to a sugar, maltose

Question 20

Define peristalsis

Answer 20

Peristalsis is a muscular movement that only occurs in the muscles of the digestive system.
It is used to push the food along the system

Question 21

Define incisors

Answer 21

Cut and slice

Question 22

Define canines

Answer 22

Grip and tear

Question 23

Define premolars

Answer 23

Chew and grind

Question 24

Define molars

Answer 24

Chew and grind

Question 25

Describe what enzymes break the substrate to a product

Answer 25

``` Enzyme = Amylase, Maltase Substrate = starch, Maltose Product = Glucose, Maltose ``` Amylase. Maltase Starch —>maltose — > glucose

Question 26

What are the 4 pairs of the organs of the digestive system work together

Answer 26

Mouth and salivary glands Liver and gal bladder Gal bladder and small intestine Pancreas and small intestine

Question 27

How do the mouth and salivary glands work together

Answer 27

The salivary glands produce the enzyme amylase, which is passed in the saliva through tiny tubes to the mouth

Question 28

How do the liver and gal bladder work together

Answer 28

The liver produces bile which is passed in the bile duct to the gal bladder to be stored

Question 29

How do the gall bladder and small intestine work together

Answer 29

The gall bladder sends the bile through the bile duct to the small intestine when it is needed to digest fats

Question 30

How do the pancreas and small intestine work together

Answer 30

The pancreas produces a number of enzymes which are passed through the pancreatic duct to the small intestine where they are needed for digestion

Question 31

How do some organs of the digestive system interact with the circulatory system

Answer 31

Because the digested food is absorbed mostly from the small intestine and partly from the stomach into the blood there is a very large number of blood vessels surrounding both the stomach and the small intestine