Chapter 4 Test Flashcards

1
Q

A thin, light-colored oil used to light lamps and lubricate machines

A

kerosene

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2
Q

Oil drilled from the group that took the place of whale oil

A

petroleum

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3
Q

When people stop work in order to get something, such as more money or better benefits

A

strike

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4
Q

The process to purify oil

A

refine

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5
Q

The term used when oil is applied to machinery parts to help move them more easily

A

lubricate

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6
Q

A resource that is used to make a product

A

raw material

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7
Q

A house in a row of houses built without any space between them

A

row house

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8
Q

A group of workers that unite to go on strike

A

labor union

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9
Q

A set of rooms within a building that a person or family can rent to live in

A

apartment

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10
Q

An underground railroad

A

subway

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11
Q

Treating people unjustly because of the color of their skin

A

discrimination

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12
Q

The most important industry after the Civil War

A

railroad

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13
Q

The name given to a group of people who controlled the way a city ran was the _____________

A

machine

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14
Q

The view that was based on Darwin’s ideas of survival of the fittest

A

Darwinism

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15
Q

Type of community that is outside a city, often has fewer people, but has more farms and land, and is a characteristic of the countryside

A

rural

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16
Q

most important steel manufacturer in the nation

A

Andrew Carnegie

17
Q

Housing where the poorest Americans lived

A

tenement

18
Q

A book of questions and answers that teaches about God and the Bible

A

catechism

19
Q

The most important man in the oil business

A

John D. Rockefeller

20
Q

How did the Civil War improve the way businesses worked? (Essay)

A

Business improved how to manage time, supplies, and people.