Chapter 4 Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

What was John Daltons Atomic Theory

A
  1. All matter is made of atoms
  2. Atoms of a element are the same in mass
  3. Combinations are made up of more than one kind of atoms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe in detail John Daltons model of the atom

A

A tiny solid sphere with a predictable mass for a given element

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What did JJ thomsons experiments provide evidence for ?

A

That the Atom contains negatively charged particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What did Rutherfords gold foil experiment provide existence for ?

A

There is a dense positively changed mass in the center of an atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who provided evidence for the existence of a nucleus in an atom ?

A

Ernest Rutherford

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In an atomic model that includes a nucleus, where is the subatomic that has a positive charge located?

A

In the center of an atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?

A

Electron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the subatomic particles, give the name, charge, location, and where it is located.

A

Subatomic particles are particles smaller than an atom
Elections: negative, election orbital, o Mass
Neutron: no charge, in nucleus, 1 mass
Proton: positive, in nucleus, 1 mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is unique for any given element?

A

Number of protons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How would you find the number of neutrons in an atom?

A

Mass-atomic number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In Niels Bohrs model of an atom, how do the elections move?

A

Like planets orbiting the sun

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the electron cloud model describe?

A

The most likely location of elections in atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the difference between an atom in the ground state and an atom in an excited state?

A

Atoms in an excited state have more energy and is less stable than at ground state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The glowing of a neon light cause by electrons emitting energy as they do what?

A

Move from higher to lower energy levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

According to ______ all matter was made up of four elements: earth, air, fire and water.

A

Aristotle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

John Dalton observed that elements always combine in the same ratio to form a particular _____.

17
Q

The results of Rutherfords gold foil experiment demonstrated that the ___ occupies a very small amount of the total space inside an atom

18
Q

Protons and ____ are found in the nucleus of an atom

19
Q

In Bohrs model of the atom, _____ move in fixed orbits around the nucleus

20
Q

The region in which an electron is most likely to be found is called an _____.

21
Q

An atom in which an electron has moved to a higher energy level is in a ____ state

22
Q

What did Rutherford conclude about the location of positive charge in an atom?

A

The positive charge is concentrated in the nucleus

23
Q

Which of the three subatomic particles-proton electron or neuron- has the least mass?

24
Q

In an atom has 32 protons and 38 neurons, what is its mass number ?

25
If An atom of an element has a mass number of 31 and 16 neurons in its nucleus; what is the atomic number of the element?
15
26
In an atom of germanium has a mass number of 70 and an atomic number of 32 how many neutrons are in its nucleus
38
27
What did Bohrs model of the atom do that Rutherfords model did not ?
It focused on electrons
28
How did the electron cloud model of the Atom represent the locations of the elections in the atoms?
It is the visual model of the most likely location of electrons
29
How does the state of atoms in a neon light change when light is emitted
Atoms state changes from excited to ground state
30
What is the main difference between the atomic model In panel 1 and the model In panel 2.
Panel 1 doesn't have subatomic particles while panel 2 does
31
What is the main difference between the atomic model in panel 2 and panel 3.
The subatomic particles are orbiting around the center in panel 2 and in panel 3 electrons are represented by a cloud
32
How is the atomic model in panel 2 helpful to your understanding of the atom? In what way is it not helpful?
Good- shows general location of subatomic particles | Bad- It implies that electrons travel in a fixed orbit
33
The Greek philosopher Democritus coined a what word for a tiny piece of matter that can not be divided?
Atom