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Physical Science 10th > Chapter 4 Study Guide > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Study Guide Flashcards

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1
Q

What was John Daltons Atomic Theory

A
  1. All matter is made of atoms
  2. Atoms of a element are the same in mass
  3. Combinations are made up of more than one kind of atoms
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2
Q

Describe in detail John Daltons model of the atom

A

A tiny solid sphere with a predictable mass for a given element

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3
Q

What did JJ thomsons experiments provide evidence for ?

A

That the Atom contains negatively charged particles

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4
Q

What did Rutherfords gold foil experiment provide existence for ?

A

There is a dense positively changed mass in the center of an atom

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5
Q

Who provided evidence for the existence of a nucleus in an atom ?

A

Ernest Rutherford

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6
Q

In an atomic model that includes a nucleus, where is the subatomic that has a positive charge located?

A

In the center of an atom

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7
Q

Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?

A

Electron

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8
Q

What are the subatomic particles, give the name, charge, location, and where it is located.

A

Subatomic particles are particles smaller than an atom
Elections: negative, election orbital, o Mass
Neutron: no charge, in nucleus, 1 mass
Proton: positive, in nucleus, 1 mass

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9
Q

What is unique for any given element?

A

Number of protons

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10
Q

How would you find the number of neutrons in an atom?

A

Mass-atomic number

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11
Q

In Niels Bohrs model of an atom, how do the elections move?

A

Like planets orbiting the sun

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12
Q

What does the electron cloud model describe?

A

The most likely location of elections in atoms

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13
Q

What is the difference between an atom in the ground state and an atom in an excited state?

A

Atoms in an excited state have more energy and is less stable than at ground state

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14
Q

The glowing of a neon light cause by electrons emitting energy as they do what?

A

Move from higher to lower energy levels

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15
Q

According to ______ all matter was made up of four elements: earth, air, fire and water.

A

Aristotle

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16
Q

John Dalton observed that elements always combine in the same ratio to form a particular _____.

A

Compound

17
Q

The results of Rutherfords gold foil experiment demonstrated that the ___ occupies a very small amount of the total space inside an atom

A

Nucleus

18
Q

Protons and ____ are found in the nucleus of an atom

A

Neutrons

19
Q

In Bohrs model of the atom, _____ move in fixed orbits around the nucleus

A

Elections

20
Q

The region in which an electron is most likely to be found is called an _____.

A

Orbital

21
Q

An atom in which an electron has moved to a higher energy level is in a ____ state

A

Excited

22
Q

What did Rutherford conclude about the location of positive charge in an atom?

A

The positive charge is concentrated in the nucleus

23
Q

Which of the three subatomic particles-proton electron or neuron- has the least mass?

A

Electron

24
Q

In an atom has 32 protons and 38 neurons, what is its mass number ?

A

70

25
Q

If An atom of an element has a mass number of 31 and 16 neurons in its nucleus; what is the atomic number of the element?

A

15

26
Q

In an atom of germanium has a mass number of 70 and an atomic number of 32 how many neutrons are in its nucleus

A

38

27
Q

What did Bohrs model of the atom do that Rutherfords model did not ?

A

It focused on electrons

28
Q

How did the electron cloud model of the Atom represent the locations of the elections in the atoms?

A

It is the visual model of the most likely location of electrons

29
Q

How does the state of atoms in a neon light change when light is emitted

A

Atoms state changes from excited to ground state

30
Q

What is the main difference between the atomic model In panel 1 and the model In panel 2.

A

Panel 1 doesn’t have subatomic particles while panel 2 does

31
Q

What is the main difference between the atomic model in panel 2 and panel 3.

A

The subatomic particles are orbiting around the center in panel 2 and in panel 3 electrons are represented by a cloud

32
Q

How is the atomic model in panel 2 helpful to your understanding of the atom? In what way is it not helpful?

A

Good- shows general location of subatomic particles

Bad- It implies that electrons travel in a fixed orbit

33
Q

The Greek philosopher Democritus coined a what word for a tiny piece of matter that can not be divided?

A

Atom

Physical Science 10th (6 decks)

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