Chapter 3 Test Study Guide Flashcards
Boyle’s Law states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure if the…
Temperature and number of particles are constant
The Law that States that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature in kelvins if the pressure and the number of particles is consistent is?
Charles’ Law
The phase change in which a Substance changes from a solid to a gas or vapor without changing to a liquid first is called what?
Sublimation
Matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape is a ______.
Liquid
Which of the following is an endothermic change?
Vaporization
Which of the following is a Exothermic change?
Deposition
The phase change in which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas is ______.
Vaporization
In which substance are the forces of attraction among the particles so weak that they can be ignored under ordinary conditions?
Substance C
If the volume of a cylinder is reduced from 4.0 to 2.0 liters, the pressure of the gas in the cylinder will change from 100 kilopasacals to ______
200 Kilopascals
The phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid is _____.
Melting
The phase change in which a substance changes from a gas directly to a solid is called?
Deposition
Collisions of helium atoms and the walls of a closed container cause what to happen to the pressure?
Gas pressure
Temp. can be used to recognize a phase change because during the phase change, the temp. of the substance does what?
It doesnt change
The phase change that is reverse of condensation is_____.
Vaporization
During what phase change does the arrangement of water molecules become more orderly?
Freezing
What factors affect the pressure of an inclosed gas?
Volume, Temperature, number of particles
What is the result of a force distributed over an area?
Pressure
when describing a gas you could say that is has what characteristics?
It has no definite shape and no definite volume.
What type of change occurs when water changes from a solid to a liquid?
Physical and phase change
If you move a substance from one container to another and its volume changes, the substance is a ____.
Gas
The ____ Theory of matter states that all particles of matter are in constant motion.
Kinetic
The motion of one particle of a gas in unaffected by the motion of other particles of the gas unless the particles _____.
Collide
A ___ Has a definite volume and a definite shape.
Solid
Materials can be classified as solids liquids, or gases based on whether their shapes and ____ are definite or variable.
Volumes
When water boils, some of its molecules have enough _____ to overcome the attraction of neighboring Molecules.
Kinetic Energy
The phase change that is reverse of deposition is _____.
Sublimation
During an ___ change, the system releases energy to its surroundings.
Exothermic
____ Between the particles of a gas and the walls of the container cause pressure in a closed container of gas
Collisions
During vaporization, a substance changes from a ___ to a ___.
Liquid;Gas
How could you determine if a phase change is endothermic
If you can take the temperature of the surrounding area, and the temp. decreases.
Explain why boiling water in a large pot on the stove has a temperature of 100°C even if it has been boiling for an hour
A phase change is taking place as the water boils to turn into a water vapor the temperature does not change
What to phase changes occur between solid water and liquid water and at what temperature does each phase change take place?
Melting and freezing and it will take place at 0°C
Why does the air pressure in a car tires increase after a long drive
The constant motion causes the air to warm up, which increases the kinetic energy leading to the colliding of the particles.
What substance in figure 3-1 is a solid explain how you know
Substance A because particles are tight together and in a regular position.
Compare the shape and volume of solids liquids and gases
Solids- Definite shape & definite Volume
Liquids- No definite shape & definite volume
Gas- No definite shape & no definite volume
Name a describe the phase change that occurs when dry ice is placed in an open container at room temperature
Sublimation: at room temperature it changes from a solid carbon dioxide into a gas carbon dioxide
What happens to the average quick energy of water molecules of water freezes
As water freezes it releases energy into its surroundings and the average kinetic energy decreases
Describe what happens to the arrangement of water molecules as ice melts
At the melting point of water some molecules gain enough energy to move from their fixed positions
Identify the phase change in figure 3 that are labeled A, B, And C
A:vaporization
B: melting
C:freezing
Describe the two phase changes that can happen to a liquid.
Freezing- liquid to solid
Melting - solid to liquid
