Chapter 4: States of Consciousness Flashcards
What is in Chapter 4?
-consciousness
-sleep and dreams
-psychoactive drugs
-hypnosis
-mediation
What is Consciousness?
Awareness (of events and internal sensations from arousal)
Arousal (ways that awareness is regulated: alert v. relaxed/ drowsy
-reticular activating system
What is Theory of the Mind?
Knowledge that people think and have private experiences
-false belief task- social competence
-theory of mind module- TOMM
-individuals with autism- lack TOMM
What happens in higher- level consciousness?
-controlled processing
-executive function
-planning, problem solving
-actively focus efforts toward a goal
-requires attention
What happens in lower- level consciousness?
-automatic processes
-require little attention/ conscious effort
-doesn’t interfere with other ongoing activities
-daydreaming
-wandering thoughts
-fantasy, imagination, rumination
-potentially useful
(reminding, solving)
What happens in altered states of consciousness?
-drug states
-fatigue, illness, trauma, deprivation
-meditation, hypnosis
What happens in subconscious awareness?
-incubation
-parallel processing
-sleep and dreams
Low levels of consciousness of outside world
No awaress
-unconscious (censored) thought- Freud
-non- conscious processes
What are biological rhythms?
-24- hour cycles= circadian rhythms
-annual or seasonal
-monitored by suprachiasmatic nucleus
-controlled by biological clocks
What can interfere with your biological clock?
-jet lag
-shift- work problems
-insomnia
How to re-set the clock
-bright light
-melatonin
What is the biological cycle that regulates people’s pattern of sleep?
circadian rhythm
What is it called when you’re nodding off, followed by a myoclonic jerk after a short interval?
stage N1 sleep
What is the light stage of sleep highlighted by sleep spindles?
Stage N2 sleep
What is the deepest sleep, the stage of sleepwalking?
stage N3 sleep
What is the stage of sweet dreams?
REM sleep
What is the neurotransmitter responsible for stimulating dreams?
Acetycholine
What is the dropping neurotransmitter responsible for initiating sleep?
serotonin
What is the sleep disorder most likely to occur in women?
Insomnia
Which sleep disorder is more likely to occur in men?
sleep apnea
What is the sleep disorder triggered by a spike in emotion and leads to sudden REM sleep?
narcolepsy
What is sleepwalking called?
somnambulism
What is sleep talking called?
somniloquy
What is hypnosis?
A trance-like mental state where people experience increased attention, concentration, and suggestibility.
What is meditation?
a peaceful state of mind free from worry
What is Stage W?
-wakefulness
-beta waves (alert)
-high frequency
-low amplitude
-desynchronous
