Chapter 4 "Stars, Galaxies, ad the Universe"

Question 1

Electromagnetic Radiation

Answer 1

Energy that can travel through space in waves

Question 2

Refracting Telescope

Answer 2

Telescopes that use two convex lens to gather and collect information

Question 3

Convex Lens

Answer 3

A piece of glass that is curved, so the middle is thicker than the edges

Question 4

Reflecting Telescope

Answer 4

A telescope that uses a curved mirror.

Question 5

Optical Telescope

Answer 5

Telescope that lets you see visible light.

Question 6

Nebula

Answer 6

A large cloud of gas and dust spread out in an immense volume.

Question 7

Protostar

Answer 7

A contracting cloud of gas and dust with enough mass to form a star.

Question 8

White Dwarf

Answer 8

The blue-white core of a low-mass star that is cooled and left behind.

Question 9

Supernova

Answer 9

The explosion of a high-mass star

Question 10

Spectrum

Answer 10

Light that spreads out to make a range of different colors with different wavelengths.

Question 11

Spectrograph

Answer 11

Breaks down light so one can identify a star’s brightness.

Question 12

H-R Diagram

Answer 12

Shows relation between absolute brightness and surface temperatures.

Question 13

Spiral Galaxy

Answer 13

Galaxy that appears to have bulge in middle, arms spread out. Looks just like pinwheel. Contains gas, dust, and many bright, young stars.

Question 14

Elliptical Galaxies

Answer 14

Round, flattened galaxies that have billions of stars, but little gas and dust in-between. Only contains old stars.

Question 15

Galaxy

Answer 15

A huge group of single stars, star systems, star clusters, dust, and gas bound together by gravity.

Question 16

Irregular Galaxies

Answer 16

Galaxies that do not have a regular shape. Typically smaller than other galaxies. Lots of gas, which means many bright, young stars.

Question 17

Cosmic Background Radiation

Answer 17

The leftover thermal energy from the big bang.

Question 18

Dark Matter

Answer 18

Matter that does not give off electromagnetic radiation. Although we cannot directly see it, it is 90 percent of all mass in the universe.

Question 19

Quasars

“Quasi”: Just Like

Answer 19

Galaxies that look like stars. Young galaxies w/huge black holes at their centers.Gas spins around black hole, heats up, and glows.

Question 20

Hubble’s Law

Answer 20

States that the farther away a galaxy is, the faster it is moving away from us.

Question 21

Radio Telescope

Answer 21

Telescope that detects radio waves from objects outer space.

Question 22

Dark Energy

Answer 22

A mysterious force that is causing the expansion of the universe to accelerate.

Question 23

Light-Year

Answer 23

The distance light travels a year. (Light travels at 186,000 miles per second)

Question 24

Universe

Answer 24

All of space and everything in it

Question 25

Parallax

Answer 25

Apparent change in position of an object when you look at it from different places.

Question 26

Binary Star

Answer 26

A star in a star system that contains two stars.

Question 27

Eclipsing Binary

Answer 27

A system in which one star blocks the light from another star periodically.

Question 28

Open Clusters

Answer 28

A star cluster that has a loose, disorganized appearance. Contains up to few thousands of stars, many supergiants, and much gas and dust.

Question 29

Globular Clusters

Answer 29

Large group of older stars. Round, packed with stars. Some have more than a million stars.

Question 30

Black Hole

Answer 30

An object with energy so strong that nothing, not even light can escape.

Question 31

Neutron Stars

Answer 31

The remains of high-mass stars.

Question 32

Pulsars

Answer 32

Spinning neutron stars.