Chapter 4: Socialization Flashcards
socialization
the process of learning about our culture and what is socially expected of us
self
a distinct identity that sets us apart from others
- your “self” is not a static/permanent identity… self needs design and upkeep
3 stages of how children learn
1- preparatory stage
2- play stage
3- game stage
preparatory stage
children mimic what they see to learn how life works
- imitating adults’ behavior
- learning symbols and connections
play stage
children pretend to be other people to “try out” behavior and roles
- “dress up” and make believe
- learning boundaries and identity
game stage
children learn to connect abstract rules and ideas that do not have direct connections to experiences in life
- strategic, future planning
- following rules (even if they do not like it)
gender socialization
learning the cultural expectations of behavior for boys and girls
anticipatory socialization
preparing for a new social setting or a new position in life
resocialization
discarding old behaviors/identity and taking on new social behaviors
social interaction
the way people respond to one another
social structure
the way society is organized into predictable relationships
“looking-glass self” (mirror)
the self is the product of our social interactions
self through others reactions
1- observe others reactions
2- estimate their judgement
3- revise perception of self
face work
attempt to give the best possible “performance”
behavior by your social space
- frontstage
- backstage
frontstage
public performances
backstage
private, relaxed, secure
agents of socialization
- family
- school
- peers
- media
- neighborhood
- workplace
- religion
- social clubs
- ethnic group
dramaturgical analysis
social interaction in terms of theater performance
- people = actors
- behavior = performance
- dress = costume
- observers = audience
status
the social position that an individual occupies
- examples: parent, friend, boss, neighbor
2 kinds:
- ascribed
- achieved
ascribed
assigned at birth or is assigned involuntarily
achieved
gained through the individual’s voluntary efforts
status set
an individual’s collection of statuses
master status
a status that takes precedence over other statuses
status symbols
cultural identifiers of a status position
- a visual cue to display rank or privilege
- informs those familiar with the cultural symbol that the wearer has a specific role in the situation
role
the expected behavior of someone who holds a particular status
role conflict
stress produced by competing roles and expectations from two or more statuses
social group
two or more people who identify and interact with one another
