Chapter 4 Smart Book

Question 1

The ______________ is an example of an organ system

Answer 1

cardiovascular

Question 2

Fluids involved in the process of digestion and absorption may contain

Answer 2

water
mucus
hormones
acid

Question 3

Which of the following are examples of organ systems

Answer 3

digestive
endocrine

Question 4

How much digestive fluid is secreted into the GI tract over the course of aday?

Answer 4

29 cups

Question 5

Waves of muscular contractions that propel food along the gastrointestinal tract are called

Answer 5

peristalsis

Question 6

When swallowing a bite of food, the ____ closes over the trachea to allow the bolus to enter the esophogus

Answer 6

epiglottis

Question 7

Which of the following dietary components are absorbed by the cells lining the stomach?

Answer 7

alcohol
water

Question 8

The contents of the stomach pass through the pyloric sphincter at the rate of a ____ at a time

Answer 8

teaspoon

Question 9

The roles of HCI produced by the stomach include

Answer 9

destroys harmful bacteria and virsuses
dissolved dietary minerals
inactivates biological activity of consumed proteins

Question 10

The liquid contents of the stomach are a mixture of gastric secretions and partially digested food known as

Answer 10

chyme

Question 11

Secretions from the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder are delivered into the small intestine via the

Answer 11

pancreatic duct
bile duct

Question 12

The GI regulatory hormone is released by the small intestine in response to acidic chyme and stimulates release of pancreatic bicarbonate

Answer 12

secretin

Question 13

Which nutrient is absorbed via facilited diffusion

Answer 13

fructose

Question 14

These accessory organs function along with small intestine in the digestive process

Answer 14

pancreas
liver
gallbladder

Question 15

The GI regulatory hormone is released by stomach duodenum and triggers the stomach to release HCI and pepsinogen

Answer 15

gastrin

Question 16

When a nutrient requires a carrier protein and energy in order to be absorbed, this is called _____

Answer 16

active absorption

Question 17

Which nutrients are absorbed from the the lumen of the small intestine via active absorption

Answer 17

amino acids
glucose

Question 18

This GI regulatory hormone is released by the small intestine in response to fat and stimulated release of pancreatic enzymes and bile

Answer 18

cholecytoskinin

Question 19

The choice of system used to transport nutrients is based primarily on whether the nutrients are

Answer 19

fat or water soluble

Question 20

Which of the following nutrients are absorbed in the lympathic system?

Answer 20

fat soluble vitamins
most fats

Question 21

Nutrients absorbed in the small intestine are delivered to which circulatory systems in the body

Answer 21

cardiovascular
lymphatic

Question 22

Which of the following nutrients are absorbed in the cardiovascular system

Answer 22

water-soluble nutrients
proteins
carbohydrates
B-vitamins
VItamin C
Short and medium chain fatty acids

Question 23

Which of the following are true about the lymphatic system

Answer 23

the villi contain lacteals to transport nutrients to larger lymph vessels
lymph is a clear fluid until carrying fats, which causes the lymph to look milky

Question 24

Place the 5 sections of the colon in the order in which a substance would pass through the large intestine after it leaves the small intestine

Answer 24

Cecum
Ascending Colon
Transverse Colon
Descending Colon
Sigmoid Colon

Question 25

The role of beneficial bacteria in the large intestine is to

Answer 25

make vitamin k and biotin digest and metabolize complex carbohydrates, fibers, and starches

Question 26

Insulin is an example of a

Answer 26

prebiotic

Question 27

The _______ intestine is the main site where electrolytes, especially sodium and potassium are absorbed

Answer 27

large

Question 28

Medications used to treat GERD include

Answer 28

antacids proton pump inhibitors

Question 29

Younger people most often develop ulcers in the

Answer 29

small intestine

Question 30

Food that contain prebiotics include ________

Answer 30

seeds bananas whole grains

Question 31

The large intestine absorbs about ______ percent of water

Answer 31

10%

Question 32

Ulcers in the stomach most often occur in which age group?

Answer 32

older adults

Question 33

Common causes of food intolerances include

Answer 33

toxic contaminants such as mold or bacteria sensitivites to food component deficiencies in digestive enzymes

Question 34

Most causes of diarrhea result from

Answer 34

bacterial infection viral infection

Question 35

Gallstones are composed of

Answer 35

cholesterol bile pigments

Question 36

What percent of the US population suffers from IBS

Answer 36

10-15%

Question 37

Factors that contribute to the development of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Include

Answer 37

altered gut immunity abnormal intestinal motility psychosocial distress

Question 38

Which of the following statements is true regarding fiber in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

Answer 38

an overall increase in dietary fiber has not been supported as an effective treatment for IBS soluble fiber is more effective than insoluble fiber

Question 39

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ________ irritable bowel syndrome

Answer 39

not the same as

Question 40

Irritable Bowel Syndrome is more common in younger ______

Answer 40

women

Question 41

Most cases of diarrhea result from

Answer 41

viral infection bacterial infection

Question 42

Complications of Inflammatory Bowel Disease include

Answer 42

nutritional deficiencies such as anemia and osteoporosis protein-calorie malnutrition