Chapter 4: Slavery, Freedom, and the Struggle for Empire Flashcards
Atlantic Slave Trade
the systematic importation of African slaves from their native continent across the Atlantic Ocean to the New World, largely fueled by rising demand for sugar, rice, coffee, and tobacco
Middle Passage
second, middle, leg in the triangle trading routes, harrowing experience for slaves
Stono Rebellion
a slave uprising in 1739 in SC that led to a severe tightening of the slave code and the temporary imposition of a prohibitive tax on imported slaves
rebuplicanism
political theory in 18th-century England and America that celebrated active participation in public life by economically independent citizens as central to freedom
virtue
willingness to subordinate self-interest to the pursuit of the public good
liberalism
originally, political philosophy that emphasized the protection of liberty by limiting the power of government to interfere with the natural rights of citzens
freedom of the press
viewed as extremely dangerous by American and British governments
Great Awakening
ferverent religious revival movement in the 1720s through the 1740s that was spread throughout the colonies by ministers and revivalists
Father Junipero Serra
controversial figure in CA’s early, history, founded first CA mission, converted 1000s Indians to Christianity
middle ground
land between European empires and Indian sovereignty; all people lived side-by-side
Acadians
French residents of Nova Scotia; English confiscated their land and expelled them form the region; sold their farms to colonists (some when to Louisiana - Cajuns)
Pontiac’s Rebellion
1763 revolt against British rule by Great Lakes Indians
Albany Plan of Union
1754, by Ben Franklin, envisioned creation of a Grand Council composed of delegates from each colony; rejected by colonial assemblies
During the 18th-century, more than half of the Africans shipped to the New World as slaves were…
carried on British vessels
Under the ideals of liberalism, the “social contract extorted that…
men retain their natural rights because these rights predated the establishment of political authority
The trial of John Peter Zenger involved the issue of…
freedom of the press.
The effect of the Enlightenment on religion resulted in…
the adoption of the concept of Diesm
The effect of the Enlightenment on religion resulted in…
the adoption of the concept of Deism
The Great Awakening occurred because many ministers were concerned with…
westward expansion
The “Sacred Experiment” carried out near present-day San Diego…
was launched by the Spanish to take control of and prevent occupation by foreigners
As a result of the Seven Years’ War, a large number of French residents in Nova Scotia…
moved to Louisiana, where their decendants came to be know as Cajuns.
In 1763, the Indians of the Ohio Valley and Great Lakes launched a revolt against British rule called…
Pontiac’s Rebellion
Following the Proclamation of 1763…
its ordinances were ignored and officials covered their involvement in land grabs
The Albany Plan of Union…
was the attempt to create a council composed of delegates from each colony to levy taxes and settle domestic issues
Which of the following is true regarding the Middle Passage?
ship captains sometimes threw slaves overboard, especially when they were sick
In Johnathan Edwards’s view, what was a sinner’s only hope in life?
a “new birth” in which they became devout Christians
The movement that sought to apply the scientific method of careful investigation based on research and experiment to politics and social life was called…
the enlightenment
What was the source of an increase in Native American tribal unity in the late 1700s?
violence directed against Indian people by white American soldiers and settlers.
T or F: The phrase “freedom of speech” originated in colonial America.
False
