Chapter 1: A New World

Question 1

Tenochtitlan

Answer 1

the capital of the Aztec Empire. The city was built on marshy islands in present day Mexico City

Question 2

Cahokia

Answer 2

city near present day St. Louis; largest settled community in US until surpassed in population by New York & Philly around 1800

Question 3

Iroquis

Answer 3

formed a League of Peace, broth stability to the area (5 native peoples)

Question 4

Christian liberty

Answer 4

freedom meant abandoning the life of sin to embrace the teachings of Christ

Question 5

caravels

Answer 5

15th century European ships capable of long distance travel

Question 6

reconquista

Answer 6

the “reconquest” of Spain from the Moors (African Muslims) completed by King Ferdinand & Queen Isabella in 1492

Question 7

Columbian exchange

Answer 7

the transatlantic flow of goods and people that began with Columbus’s voyages

Question 8

mestizos

Answer 8

people of mixed Native American and European ancestory

Question 9

repartimiento system

Answer 9

residents of Indian villages remained legally free and entitled to wages, but were still required to perform a fixed amount of labor

Question 10

Black Legend

Answer 10

idea that the Spanish New World empire was more oppressive toward the Indians than other European empires; was justification for English imperial expansion

Question 11

Pueblo Revolt

Answer 11

uprising in 1680 in which Pueblo Indians temporarily drove Spanish colonists out of modern-day New Mexico

Question 12

metis

Answer 12

children of Indian women and French traders

Question 13

The primary goal of 15th century Portuguese expansion was…

Answer 13

the establishment of a trading empire in Asia.

Question 14

At the time of first contact between Europeans and Native Americans, Native Americans had not developed…

Answer 14

metal tools & machines

Question 15

Native American religious beliefs and practices included…

Answer 15

medicine men in positions of authority.

Question 16

The European practice of “coverture: included that…

Answer 16

in marriage, a wife surrendered her legal identity.

Question 17

How did Cortes conquer the Aztecs?

Answer 17

He relied on iron weapons and gun powder.

Question 18

Why did news of the 1492 voyage of Columbus spread rapidly in Europe?

Answer 18

the invention of printing with movable type

Question 19

Bartolome de Las Casas in “A Very Brief Account of the Destruction of the Indies” in 1552 argued that…

Answer 19

Spanish people burned Native American people alive.

Question 20

Why did the Pueblo revolt take place?

Answer 20

Native Americans in New Mexico grew resentful of Spanish colonization.

Question 21

Women in Dutch settlements…

Answer 21

enjoyed more independence than in other colonies

Question 22

Because French and Dutch settlements were more dependent on Indians as trading partners and allies than the English, Natives exercised more…

Answer 22

power and freedom with Europeans in relations with these settlements.

Question 23

Under the Dutch in North America, “half freedom” referred to…

Answer 23

a labor and land relationship with enslaved Africans.

Question 24

A “boarderland” is a…

Answer 24

meeting place of peoples where geographic and cultural boarders are not clearly defined.

Question 25

A “borderland” is a…

Answer 25

meeting place of peoples where geographic and cultural boarders are not clearly defined.

Question 26

T or F: A strong immunity to European diseases strengthened Indian resistance to the conquistadores.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

T or F: Most Indian tribes were matrilinial.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

T or F: On the eve of colonization of the Americas, freedom in Europe was framed in hierarchical, top down terms, with each level of society enjoying its own degree of freedom.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

T or F: Most European men in the 1500s owned property and could vote.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

T or F: Africans enslaved other Africans long before the arrival of European traders.

Answer 30

True