Chapter 1: A New World Flashcards
Tenochtitlan
the capital of the Aztec Empire. The city was built on marshy islands in present day Mexico City
Cahokia
city near present day St. Louis; largest settled community in US until surpassed in population by New York & Philly around 1800
Iroquis
formed a League of Peace, broth stability to the area (5 native peoples)
Christian liberty
freedom meant abandoning the life of sin to embrace the teachings of Christ
caravels
15th century European ships capable of long distance travel
reconquista
the “reconquest” of Spain from the Moors (African Muslims) completed by King Ferdinand & Queen Isabella in 1492
Columbian exchange
the transatlantic flow of goods and people that began with Columbus’s voyages
mestizos
people of mixed Native American and European ancestory
repartimiento system
residents of Indian villages remained legally free and entitled to wages, but were still required to perform a fixed amount of labor
Black Legend
idea that the Spanish New World empire was more oppressive toward the Indians than other European empires; was justification for English imperial expansion
Pueblo Revolt
uprising in 1680 in which Pueblo Indians temporarily drove Spanish colonists out of modern-day New Mexico
metis
children of Indian women and French traders
The primary goal of 15th century Portuguese expansion was…
the establishment of a trading empire in Asia.
At the time of first contact between Europeans and Native Americans, Native Americans had not developed…
metal tools & machines
Native American religious beliefs and practices included…
medicine men in positions of authority.
The European practice of “coverture: included that…
in marriage, a wife surrendered her legal identity.
How did Cortes conquer the Aztecs?
He relied on iron weapons and gun powder.
Why did news of the 1492 voyage of Columbus spread rapidly in Europe?
the invention of printing with movable type
Bartolome de Las Casas in “A Very Brief Account of the Destruction of the Indies” in 1552 argued that…
Spanish people burned Native American people alive.
Why did the Pueblo revolt take place?
Native Americans in New Mexico grew resentful of Spanish colonization.
Women in Dutch settlements…
enjoyed more independence than in other colonies
Because French and Dutch settlements were more dependent on Indians as trading partners and allies than the English, Natives exercised more…
power and freedom with Europeans in relations with these settlements.
Under the Dutch in North America, “half freedom” referred to…
a labor and land relationship with enslaved Africans.
A “boarderland” is a…
meeting place of peoples where geographic and cultural boarders are not clearly defined.
A “borderland” is a…
meeting place of peoples where geographic and cultural boarders are not clearly defined.
T or F: A strong immunity to European diseases strengthened Indian resistance to the conquistadores.
False
T or F: Most Indian tribes were matrilinial.
True
T or F: On the eve of colonization of the Americas, freedom in Europe was framed in hierarchical, top down terms, with each level of society enjoying its own degree of freedom.
True
T or F: Most European men in the 1500s owned property and could vote.
False
T or F: Africans enslaved other Africans long before the arrival of European traders.
True
