Chapter 4: Sexual Anatomy

Question 1

clitoris consists of:

Answer 1

• the tip (glans)
• a shaft consisting of two corpora cavernosa (spongy bodies)
• two crura (singular crus), longer spongy bodies, lie deep in the body and run from the tip of the clitoris to either side of the vagina, under the major lips
• vestibular bu,bs - close to the crura

Question 2

mons pubis

Answer 2

rounded fatty pad of tissue covered with pubic hair

Question 3

bartholin glands

Answer 3

two tiny glands located on either side of the vaginal entrance, have no significant function

Question 4

fourchette

Answer 4

place wehere the inner lips come together

Question 5

perineun

Answer 5

the area of skin between the vaginal opening and the anus

Question 6

introitus

Answer 6

vaginal ppening itself

Question 7

urethra

Answer 7

where urine comes from

Question 8

hymen

Answer 8

thin membrane which partially covers the vaginal opening. at the time of first intercourse, the hymen may be broken or stretchen

Question 9

vaginal mucosa

Answer 9

the inner layer of the vagina

Question 10

pelvic floor muscles

Answer 10

surrounding the vagina, the urethra and the anus is a set of muscles:

Question 11

pubococcygeus muscle

Answer 11

a pelvif floor muscle that may be stretched out during childbirth, or it may simply be weak

Question 12

vestibular bulbs

Answer 12

two organs about the size of a pea pod. lay on either side of the vaginal wall, near the entrance, under the inner lips. Erectile tissue and lie close to the crura of the clitoris

Question 13

Skene’s gland or fwmale prostate (g spot)

Answer 13

lies between the wall of the urethra and the wall of the vagina, in some women it secretes fluid.

Question 14

uterus (womb)

Answer 14

shaped like an upside down pear. narrow lower third, cervic. top is the fundus, the main part. the entrance through the cervix is called the os or cervical canal.

Question 15

The uterus consist of three layers

Answer 15

1. endometrium: richly supplied with glands and blood vessels
2. myometrium: muscular - very strong and elastic muscles, powerful contractions of labor and orgasm
3. Perimetrium (external cover)

Question 16

fallopian tubes (oviducts)

Answer 16

extending out from the sides of the upper end of the uterus are these tubes. They are for the pathway in wich the agg travels toward the uterus and the soerm reach the egg

Question 17

ovaries

Answer 17

shape of an almond. They produce egg and sex hormones estrogen and progesterone.

Question 18

follicles

Answer 18

mature an egg, so the follicle bursts open every moment and releases the egg into the body cavity

Question 19

mammary glands

Answer 19

the breast consists of them, echt with a separate opening to the nipp;e and of fatty and fibrous tissues tha surround the clusters of glands

Question 20

areola

Answer 20

the darker area surrounding the nipple

Question 21

glans

Answer 21

the end or tip of the penis

Question 22

meatus

Answer 22

urethral opening of the penis

Question 23

shaft

Answer 23

main part of the penis

Question 24

corona

Answer 24

the raised ridge at the edge of the glans

Question 25

corpus spongiosum

Answer 25

the single spongy thing lying on the bottom of the penis

Question 26

scrotum

Answer 26

loose pouch of skin that contains the testes. the testes themselves are considered part of the internal genitals

Question 27

smegma

Answer 27

cheesy-textured substance produced by the small glands under the foreskin (Tyson’s glands)

Question 28

supercision

Answer 28

involves making a slit the lent of the foreskin on the top, with the foreskin otherwise reamining in tact

Question 29

subincision

Answer 29

slit is made on the lower side of the penis along its entire lengt and to the depth of the urethra

Question 30

gonads

Answer 30

testes

Question 31

seminiferous tubulus

Answer 31

internal structure of the testes, they amnufacture and store sperm (spermatogenesis). they are long series of threadlike tubed culed and packed denseley into the testes.

Question 32

interstitial cells

Answer 32

produce testosterone

Question 33

cremasteric reflex

Answer 33

moves the scrotum up and down when cold or hot to protect the sperm

Question 34

stage of the male germ cells go through serveral stages of maturation:

Answer 34

• spermatogonium
• spermatocyte
• spermatid
• spermatozoan, or sperm

Question 35

epididymis

Answer 35

long tube coiled in a small crescent shaped region on the top and side of the testis, sperm is stored in there until ejaculation

Question 36

vas deferens

Answer 36

part that is cut in a vasectomy: The vas deferens transports mature sperm to the urethra in preparation for ejaculation

Question 37

seminal vesicles

Answer 37

two sac like structures that lie above the prostate, behind the bladder, and in front of the rectum. Seminal fluid. empty their fluid into the ejaculatory duct to combine with the sperm

Question 38

prostate

Answer 38

below the bladder, secretes milkt alkaline fluid that is part of the ejaculate. it provides a favourable environment for the sperm

Question 39

cowper’s gland

Answer 39

zorgen voor voorvocht

Question 40

brca1 and brca 2 genes

Answer 40

create a higher risk for breast cancer

Question 41

fibroadenomas and malignant tumors

Answer 41

first one is non cancerous

Question 42

lumpectomy

Answer 42

when lump has not spread, only the lump is removed

Question 43

a simple and radical mastectomy

Answer 43

simple: the breast and possibly a few lymph nodes are removed
modified radical: the breast and the underarm lymph nodes are removed
radical mastectomy (when cancer has spread a lot): entire breasy, the underlying pectoral muscle and the underarm lymph nodes are removed.

Question 44

pap test

Answer 44

can detect cancer early on

Question 45

cryotherapy

Answer 45

extreme cold to destroy abnormal cells of cervix cancer

Question 46

bioposy

Answer 46

segment of the cervic is surgically removed, leaving the cervic largely intact

Question 47

Hysterectomy

Answer 47

Surgical removal of the uterus

Question 48

oophorectomy

Answer 48

surgical removal of the ovaries