Chapter 4 review Flashcards
What are the three components of the Cytoskeleton?
Microfilaments
Intermediate filaments
Microtubules
What are microfilaments?
Made of actin, and is usually found in bundles, microfilaments help the entire cell or parts of a cell to move. They determine and stabilize the shape of the cell.
What is unidirectional?
has positive and negative directions
What is cytoplasmic streaming?
bulk movement of the cytoplasm
What are the two major structural functions of the intermediate filaments?
1) anchors cell structure in place
2) resist tension (negative pressure)
What is the largest component of the cytoskeletal system?
Microtubules
What is the main role of microtubules?
To act as the framework for motor proteins to carry/move structures within the cell.
Microtubules are made up what two types of tubulin proteins?
Alpha and Beta tubulin proteins
What are the two internal structure components of microtubules?
Cilla (short tails)
Flagella (Long tails)
What is the ross-section pattern o microtubules?
9+2
9 pairs and 2 singles in the center
What is responsible for moving vesicles along a microtubule?
motor protein
Finish the phrase: Statistical correlation does not give cause and effect, _______
inhibit and mutate are the 2 manipulative approaches commonly used in cell biology
A plant’s cell wall is an example of:
extracellular structure
What is the cell wall?
only found in plants and some bacteria, the cell wall is made up of cellulose and is responsible for maintaining the cell’s shape
Plasmodesmata only occurs in _____.
plants
Define Plasmodesmata:
a complete channel that joins tubes and connect cytoplasm directly to another cell, allowing plant cell interaction/communication.
Unlike plants that have a Cell Wall, Animal cells have an:
extracellular matrix
Define Extracellular Matrix in an animal cell:
Supports tissue function and holds cells together, helps filter materials passing between different tissues.
During embryonic development and tissue repair, what helps orient the cell’s movements?
Extracellular Matrix
What are the three types of Cell junctions?
Tight Junctions
Desmosomes
Gap Junctions
Define Tight Junction:
where one cell comes together and stops the movement of dissolved materials.
form a “quilted seal”
Define Desmosomes:
adjacently linked cells that allow some material to pass through the intercellular space
*anchors cells down
Define Gap Junction:
allows direct movement of cytoplasm
*similar to the plasmodesmata
