Functional Groups

Question 1

What functional group is represented by OH?

Answer 1

Hydroxl group, when added, this group turns that section where it was added into a hydrophillic section

makes polar, dissolves in water

Question 2

Aldehyde and Keto turns things polar. What is significant about these groups?

Answer 2

they have double bonded O

Question 3

What is COOH?

Answer 3

Carboxyl

Question 4

Carboxyl groups that are add, turn the molecule into an ____?

Answer 4

acid

Question 5

The Amino group is signified by ____

Answer 5

NHH and when added turns component into a base

Question 6

What does an amino group do?

Answer 6

reduces the hydrogen concentration while becoming positively charged.

Question 7

What is the Phosphate group known for?

Answer 7

it is involved with energy transfer

Question 8

CH3 is__

Answer 8

a methyl group which makes it nonpolar

Question 9

What are the 4 macro-molecules?

Answer 9

proteins
Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
Lipids

Question 10

Adding a Carboxyl group turns the molecule into an ____.

Answer 10

Acid

Question 11

Adding a NHH and a COOH produces an _______ which is essential for building proteins.

Answer 11

amino acid

Question 12

Glucose and Fructose is an example of _______, which is an isomer of C6H12O6

Answer 12

Hexose, meaning 6 Carbon and the only difference is the placement of the Carbon.

Question 13

CH2O is known as what macro-molecule?

Answer 13

Carbohydrate

Question 14

Define condensation:

Answer 14

water is given off/removed forming a covalent bond between monomers

Question 15

Define Hydrolysis:

Answer 15

Using a molecule to split water, breaking the covalent bond between monomers.

Question 16

Define glycosidic linkage:

Answer 16

specific kind of covalent bond, that is only found in carbohydrates

Question 17

Plants store energy in the form of?

*hint amylase is the enzyme the digests it

Answer 17

Starch is energy stored in plants.

Question 18

Humans store energy in the form of?

Answer 18

Glycogen

Question 19

The monomer glycerol, is added to 3 fatty acid chains to form

Answer 19

Lipids

Question 20

A lipid that is linked by three water molecules is a:

Answer 20

triglyceride

Question 21

A saturated lipid(fat) that is only found with single bonds and is very flexible, and every place a H can be there is one. This is known as a _______.

*hint- tends to be animal fat

Answer 21

Palmitic Acid

Question 22

An unsaturated, doubled bonded, fat, that cannot be folded and is found only in one shape usually with a bend(kink) in it, is a liquid at room temperature; What am I?

Answer 22

Linoleic

Question 23

A lipid with a phosphate group attached to it is known as a ________ . This has a hydrophillic head (polar) and a hydrophobic tail (non-polar)

Answer 23

phospholipid

Question 24

A _______, has the phosphate heads pointed outward, which creates a hydrophobic area inside the cell membrane.

Answer 24

Phospholipid Bilayer