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CHE 1101 > Chapter 4: Reactions in Aqueous Solution > Flashcards

Chapter 4: Reactions in Aqueous Solution Flashcards

1
Q

Are ionic compounds strong, weak, or nonelectrolytes?

A

All ionic compounds are strong electrolytes.

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2
Q

Which molecular compounds are strong electrolytes?

A

strong acids

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3
Q

Which molecular compounds are weak electrolytes?

A

weak acids and bases

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4
Q

Which molecular compounds are nonelectrolytes?

A

All other compounds that aren’t strong acids, weak acids or weak bases.

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5
Q

What are electrolytes?

A

substances that dissociate into ions when dissolved in water (conducts electricity)

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6
Q

What are nonelectrolytes?

A

substances that may dissolve in water, but don’t dissociate into ions when they do so (solution does not conduct electricity)

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7
Q

What is an aqueous solution?

A

When water is the solvent. However, some substances don’t dissociate into ions when dissolved.

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8
Q

What are strong electrolytes?

A

substances that dissociate completely when dissolved in water

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9
Q

What are weak electrolytes?

A

substances that only dissociate partially when dissolved in water

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10
Q

What are the seven common strong acids?

A

Hydrochloric acid, HCl
Hydrobromic acid, HBr
Hydroiodic acid, HI
Chloric acid, HClO3
Perchloric acid, HClO4
Nitric acid, HNO3
Sulfuric acid (first proton), H2S04 –> H+ + HSO4-

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11
Q

What are the most common weak acids?

A

All carboxylic acids (COOH)
CH3COOH

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12
Q

What are the most common weak bases?

A

NH4OH –> NH3 (aq) + H2O
Must have -OH!

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13
Q

What are acids?

A

Acids are substances that ionize in aqueous solution to form H+ ions

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14
Q

What is another name for acids?

A

Acids are also called proton donors because H+ consists of ONLY a proton.

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15
Q

What are bases?

A

Bases are substances that react with, or accept H+ ions; they increase the concentration of OH- when dissolved in water.
Substances do not have to contain OH- to be a base

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16
Q

What are strong acids?

A

Strong acids COMPLETELY dissociate in water

17
Q

What are weak acids?

A

Weak acids only partially dissociate in water

18
Q

What are strong bases?

A

Strong bases dissociate into metal cations and hydroxide anions in water

19
Q

What are weak bases?

A

Weak acids only partially react to produce hydroxide anions

20
Q

What are the common strong bases?

A

Group 1A metal hydroxides (LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH)
Heavy Group 2A metal hydroxides

CHE 1101 (16 decks)

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