Chapter 4 - Proteins and Amino Acids

Question 1

6 Different Types of Proteins

Answer 1

1. Enzymes
2. Storage & Transport - carry something, may be inserted in membrane
3. Structural - Support&shape of cells & structure, ex. Keratin (hair and nails)
4. Contractile - mechanical movement
5. Regulation - factors of all kinds; hormones, receptors and more. May be on surface of cell. May have to network?
6. Defense & protection - may have to network?

Question 2

Proteins (general)

Answer 2

act independently or as large aggregates or complexes

all polymers of linked amino acids

polypeptides, peptides

Question 3

Four levels of protein structure

Answer 3

Primary - actual sequence of amino acids - determined by DNA

Secondary - primary determines folding

Tertiary - secondary determines 3D shape for function

Quaternary - (some) have 4 peptides chained together to give function

Question 4

Zwitterions

Answer 4

have dipole, but overall charge is neutral

Question 5

Proteins assembled from?

Answer 5

L-amino acids

Question 6

Fisher Projection

Answer 6

Horizontal - up

Vertical - down

Question 7

Identifying L-amino acid

Answer 7

travel ONward from carbonyl C toward N of amino group, R-group is on left