Chapter 4 Planning Mgmt

Question 0

Bulking agents for constipation

Answer 0

Ispaghula- takes days to work

CI- impaction or colonic atony

Question 1

Stool softeners

Answer 1

Sodium docusate (can be stimulant at high doses)
Rectal arachis oil (nut based)

Good for fecal impaction

Question 2

Stimulant laxatives

Answer 2

Senna
Biscodyl- ci in avute abdomen

Worsen abdo cramps

Question 3

Osmotic laxatives

Answer 3

Lactulose
Phosphate enema- ci in acute abdo

Exacerbates bloating

Question 4

Used in parkinsons, but finite effect

Answer 4

Levodopa

Question 5

Commonly used in parkinsons

Answer 5

Levodopa plus a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor
Co- benyldopa: levodopa plus benserazide
Co- careldopa: levodopa and carbidopa

Question 6

Options for parkinsons once levodopa has stopped working

Answer 6

Dopamine agonists- ropinirole

Mao- inhibitor: rasagiline

Question 7

Types of epilepsy you can use sodium valproate

Answer 7

Generalised tonic clonic
Absence
Myoclonic
Tonic

NOT focal

Question 8

Se of sodium valproate

Answer 8

Tremor
Teratogen
Tubby (weight gain)

Question 9

Used in focal seizures

Answer 9

Lamotrigine- safe in pregnancy, se: rash and SJS

Carbemazepine- rash, dysarthria, ataxia, nystagmus, siadh (low Na)

Question 10

Se of phenytoin

Answer 10

Ataxia
Peripheral neuropathy
Gum hyperplasia
Hepatotoxicity

Question 11

Drugs licensed for alzheimers

Answer 11

Must be started by a specialist: acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

• donepezil
• Rivistigmine
• Galantamine

Question 12

Treatment for rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 12

Methotrexate plus DMARD
DMARDs: suflasalazine or hydroxychloroquine

Flares:
short term GC: methylpred IM,
Short term NSAIDs