chapter 4 part 2 Flashcards
mostly a
reversal of prophase
Telophase—
No matter how the protoplast divides, each half
typically contains
Mitochondria
Plastids
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Vacuoles
During prophase, the_______ band forms
just inside the plasma membrane.
preprophase
is a set of
short microtubules that forms
in the center of the cell.
phragmoplast
The phragmoplast, vesicle,
and walls are called the
cell plate
Vacuole division is
accomplished with a
phragmosome.
A set of microtubules,
actin filaments, and
cytoplasm
phragmosome.
These grow outward until
they fuse with those of
the mother cell.
cell plate
is referred to as reduction division.
meiosis
must fuse together. In order to have a diploid zygote,
haploid sex cells
occurs only in the production of reproductive cells
meiosis
produces four 1N cells from one 2N cell.
meiosis
Meiosis involves two rounds of division.
Meiosis I and meiosis II
does not occur after the first division.
The S phase
is very similar to prophase of mitosis
Prophase I
what are the five stages of prophase 1
Leptotene
Zygotene
Pachytene
Diplotene
Diakinesis
chromosomes
begin to condense and become
distinguishable but indistinct.
Leptotene
is
present between the paired
homologous
chromosomes.
synaptonemal complex,
the synapsis of
homologs
Zygotene
A synapsed pair of
homologous chromosomes
is called a
bivalent.
Chromosomes shorten and
thicken, Crossing-over occurs
Pachytene
The homologous chromosomes
move away from each other, but
are held together by the centromeres.
Diplotene
appears as a constricted region of a chromosome and plays a key role in helping the cell divide up its DNA during division
The centromere
is a structure that forms between a pair of homologous chromosomes by crossover recombination and physically links the homologous chromosomes during meiosis.
chiasmata.
The homologs continue to
separate. Chiasmata move toward ends
until they become untangled.
They are paired only at the
centromeres.
Diakinesis
Cell division may occur
without
nuclear division
In numerous tissues,
karyokinesis does not occur
without cytokinesis. true or false
false
In many ________
the nuclear envelope
and nucleoli do not
break down until late in
mitosis, if at all.
algae and fungi
have no histones and
chromosomes remain
mostly condensed.
Nuclei of dinoflagellates
In some green algae,
cytokinesis occurs by use of
a
phycoplast.
In red algae, cell division
occurs by a _____ but the new wall grows
inward from the pre-existing
walls.
phragmoplast,
occurs by
a process of
in furrowing.
Cytokinesis
occurs either by
infurrowing or by being
pulled in two.
division
The replication of
organelles and their DNA
is
episodic.
The replication of
organelles and their DNA
is
episodic.
appears to be
continuous throughout interphase
Replication
