Chapter 4 - Organization Flashcards
What is a tissue, organ, organ system?
A tissue is a group of similar cells that perform a particular function. Nervous tissue is composed of millions of nerve cells that transmit signals to all parts of the body. An organ is made up of several different tissues, each one belongs to an organ system. Both works together to accomplish a common purpose. The brain works with the spinal cord to send commands to other parts of the body through nerve organisms. The organ system is composed of several organs working together.
What are the four main types of tissue?
Connective tissue, epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue
What do these tissues look like, how do they function, and where are they found?
Connective tissue – Loose fibrous tissue, collagen fiber, fibroblast found in the knee joint. It binds and supports parts of the body, it has specialized cells, ground substance, and protein fibers. Connective tissue bind and support parts of the body, three main types of connective tissue; fibrous, supportive, and fluid.
Epithelial tissue – Basement membrane, lining of lungs, absorbs molecules, simple squamous.
Muscle tissue - It allows for movement in the body. It is made of muscle fibers/cells and protein fibers called actin and myosin. There are 3 types of muscle tissue in humans: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.
Nervous tissue - It allows for communication between cells through sensory input, integration of data, and motor output. It is made of 2 major cell types: neurons and neuroglia.
What is the integumentary system?
- It includes the skin and accessory organs such as hair, nails, and glands. The skin has 2 main regions called the epidermis and the dermis. Under the skin there is a subcutaneous layer between the dermis and internal structures where fat is stored. It is important for maintaining homeostasis.
- The integumentary system, protects the body, it synthesizes vitamin D and receives sensory input.
How can you prevent skin cancer?
- Stay out of the sun between 10 A.M. and 3 P.M.
- Wear protective clothing (tight weave, treated sunglasses, wide-brimmed hat).
- Use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15 that protects from UV-A and UV-B rays.
- Do not use tanning beds.
What is homeostasis and how is it maintained?
Homeostasis is when the metabolism in our body maintains a relatively constant body temperature. Our body systems, the cardiovascular system and nervous system work together to maintain a constant temperature. The body’s ability to maintain a normal temperature is also dependent on external temperature as we can become hot and cold. The response to external stimuli is more apparent because it involves movement, like when we remove our hand from a hot stove. Our sensory receptors detect a change in the internal environment and then the central nervous system brings an appropriate response. All life responds to external stimuli, often by moving towards or away from stimulus.
