Chapter 1 - Life & Science Flashcards
What is Biology?
The study of living organisms and the environment they live in.
Characteristics of Organisms
They are organized, acquire material an energy, are homeostasis.
How is life organized?
The hierarchy is at the very base of the organizations, atom’s join together to form molecules, which in turn make a cell.
What are Cells?
A cell is the smallest structural and functional unit og an organism.
What is nervous tissue?
A tissue is a group of similar cells that perform a particular function. Nervous tissue is composed of millions of nerve cells that transmit signals to all parts of the body.
What is an organ?
An organ is made up of several different tissues, each one belongs to an organ system. Both work together to accomplish a common purpose. The brain works with the spinal cord to send commands to other parts of the body through nerve organisms.
What are types of nerve organisms?
Trees and Humans are a collection of organ systems.
What is a species?
A group of inter-breeding organisms in a particular area belonging to a population. For example: a grassland may have a population of zebras, acacia trees and humans, the interacting populations of the grasslands make up a community.
What does the community do?
The community of the population interacts with the physical environment to form an ecosystem. Earths ecosystem makes up the biosphere.
What is biological organization?
Life is connected from the atomic level to the biosphere. The cell is the basic unit of life, and it comprises molecules and atoms. The sum of all life on the planet is called the biosphere.
How many cells are in the human body?
There is estimated to be over 100 trillion cells in the human body.
What does food provide to life?
Food provides nutrient molecules, which are used as building blocks for energy. Energy helps maintain the organization of the cell and the organism itself. Some nutrient molecules are broken down completely to provide energy necessary to covert other nutrient molecules into the parts and products of cells.
What is the source of energy for life?
The source of energy for the majority of life on earth is the sun. Plants, Algae and other bacteria’s are able to harvest the energy of the sun and concert it to chemical energy by a process called Photosynthesis.
How do organisms maintain internal envrionment?
In order for cells to function correctly environmental conditions must be kept in strict operating limits. By doing this, metabolic activities of the cells function is maintaining homeostasis.
How does body temperature effect homeostasis?
Human body temperature fluctuates between 36.5-37.5 degrees during the day, lowest body temperatures occur between 2am-4am, the highest occurs between 6pm-10pm. Activity in the body can cause the temperature to rise but inactivity can cause it to decline.
