Chapter 4: Organ System and Physiology

Question 1

What are the organ systems responsible for protection, support & movement?

Answer 1

1. Integumentary system
2. Skeletal system
3. Muscular system

Question 2

Examples of integumentary systems in animals:

Answer 2

1. Skin
2. Nails
3. Hair
4. Scales
5. Fur and claws
6. Hooves
7. Shell
8. Feathers and beaks

Question 3

Functions of Integumentary System

Answer 3

1. Protection - first physical barrier
2. Regulation of body temperature
3. Vitamin D synthesis - UVB to Vit D3
4. Sensation - detection of stimuli

Question 4

organ + accessory structures; human integumentary system; made up of multiple layers

Answer 4

Skin

Question 5

main integument of a majority of animals; largest organ

Answer 5

Skin

Question 6

Three layers of the skin

Answer 6

1. Epidermis
2. Dermis
3. Hypodermis

Question 7

outer layer of the skin, made-up of keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 7

Epidermis

Question 8

thinnest on the eyelids; thickest on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet

Answer 8

Epidermis

Question 9

Structure of epidermis (parts):

Answer 9

From outer to inner structure
1. Stratum corneum
2. Stratum lucidum *
3. Stratum granulosum
4. Stratum spinosum
5. Stratum basale
6. Basement membrane

Question 10

Part of epidermis where stem-cells are

Answer 10

Basement membrane

Question 11

Deepest layer of epidermis

Answer 11

Stratum basale

Question 12

Thickest layer; houses langerhans cell

Answer 12

Stratum spinosum

Question 13

This is the cell that works with the nervous system for sensation

Answer 13

Langerhans cell

Question 14

The epidermis layer where keratinocytes start to accumulate

Answer 14

Stratum spinosum

Question 15

Layer of epidermis where keratinocytes start to die; lipid barrier

Answer 15

Stratum granulosum

Question 16

Outer part of epidermis layer found only in the palms of the hand and soles of the feet

Answer 16

Stratum lucidum

Question 17

Made up of dead keratinocytes

Answer 17

Stratum corneum