Chapter 4: Non-Amniotic Vertebrates - Fishes and Amphibians

Question 1

How much water is covering the surface of the Earth?

Answer 1

73%

Question 2

In air, animals deal with gravity. What do animals in water deal with?

Answer 2

Fluid resistance

Question 3

What are Teleosts?

Answer 3

Derived Ray-finned fishes

Question 4

Define Operculum

Answer 4

Gill cover

Question 5

Define buccal pumping

Answer 5

Pumping action of the mouth and opercular cavities

Question 6

What is ram ventilation?

Answer 6

Fish create a respiratory current by swimming with their mouths open

Question 7

Define countercurrent exchange

Answer 7

Fluid streams flowing in opposite directions in adjacent vessels to promote exchange of heat or dissolved substance.

It assures that as much oxygen as possible diffuses into the blood

Question 8

Define euryhaline

Answer 8

Capable of living in a wide range of salinities

Question 9

Define stenohaline

Answer 9

Capable of living only within a narrow range of salinity of surrounding water (not capable of surviving a great change in salinity)

Question 10

What is a swim bladder?

Answer 10

A buoyancy structure of bony fishes. Usually filled with gas but in coelacanths it is filled with fat

Question 11

True or false

Aquatic vertebrates can grow larger than terrestrial forms

Answer 11

True

Gravity has little effect on their body structure

Question 12

Define viscosity

Answer 12

A measure of how readily a fluid flows across surface. The higher the viscosity, the slower the fluid flows

Question 13

True or false

He gills of sharks and teleosts employ a two-way flow of water

Answer 13

FALSE

The density and viscosity of water are too high so they have a one-way flow

Question 14

Do aquatic animals have more or less temperature variation in their habitats?

Answer 14

Much less

Question 15

True or false

Air conducts electricity

Answer 15

FALSE

Water is an electrical conductor, not air

Question 16

What do you need to live successfully in water?

Answer 16

1) Buoyancy
2) Maintain body temperature
3) Proper gas exchange structures

Question 17

Define ectotherm

Answer 17

Gain their hear largely from external sources (baking in the sun or on a warm rock)

Question 18

Define endotherm

Answer 18

Largely depend on metabolic production of heat to raise their body temperatures

Question 19

Define regional heterothermy

Answer 19

Term used to refer to different temperatures in different parts of an animals body

Question 20

True or false

As an object gets larger, it has progressively less surface area in relation to its volume

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Define pelagic

Answer 21

Lives in the open ocean