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Medical Terms > Chapter 4 Musculoskeletal > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Musculoskeletal Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Osseous Tissues

A

Bone tissue

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2
Q

Cortic/o

A

Outer layer

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3
Q

Articul/o

A

Joint

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4
Q

Diaphysis

A

Shaft of the bone

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5
Q

Epiphysis

A

The ends of bone

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6
Q

Periosteum

A

Tissue membrane covers each bone

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7
Q

Cortical

A

Compact bone

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8
Q

Cancellous

A

Spongy bone
Tissue found inside a bone
Contains cavity that hold red bone marrow

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9
Q

Medullary cavity

A

Open canal in diaphysis contains yellow one marrow (fat cell)

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10
Q

Condyle

A

Smooth ball-shaped end on a long bone

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11
Q

Trochanter

A

Large rough process for the attachment for a muscle

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12
Q

Tubercle

A

A small rough process for the attachment for tendons and muscles

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13
Q

Tuberosity

A

A small rough process for attachment of tendons and muscles

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14
Q

Foramen

A

A smooth round opening for nerve and blood

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15
Q

Os coxae/ innominate bone

A

Pelvic girdle

= ilium, ischium, and pubis

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16
Q

ankly/o

A

stiff joint

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17
Q

burs/o

A

bursa

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18
Q

cost/o

A

rib

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19
Q

crani/o

A

skull

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20
Q

lord/o

A

bent backward

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21
Q

lumb/o

A

loin

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22
Q

medull/o

A

inner region

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23
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow/ spinal cord

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24
Q

pod/o

A

foot

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25
Q

prosthet/o

A

addition

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26
Q

sarc/o

A

flesh

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27
Q

sacr/o

A

sacrum

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28
Q

scoli/o

A

crooked

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29
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebra

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30
Q

-algia

A

pain

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31
Q

-centesis

A

puncture to withdraw fluid

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32
Q

-clasia

A

surgically break

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33
Q

-desis

A

to fuse

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34
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical removal

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35
Q

-gram

A

record

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36
Q

-graphy

A

to record

37
Q

-iatry

A

medical treatment

38
Q

-listhesis

A

slipping

39
Q

-malacia

A

abnormally softening

40
Q

-oma

A

tumor

41
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition

42
Q

-otomy

A

cutting into

43
Q

-porosis

A

porous

44
Q

-stenosis

A

narrowing

45
Q

-tome

A

instrument to cut

46
Q

dis-

A

apart

47
Q

sub-

A

under

48
Q

orthotics

A

healthcare profession specializing in making orthopedic appliances

49
Q

prosthetics

A

healthcare profession specializing in making additional body parts, artificial body parts

50
Q

arthralgia

A

ar THRAL jee ah

joint pain

51
Q

bursitis

A

bur SIGH tis

inflammation of a bursa

52
Q

callus

A

mass of bone tissue that forms at fracture site during its healing

53
Q

chondromalacia

A

softening of cartilage

54
Q

crepitation

A

krep ih TAY shun

noise produced by bones or cartilages rubbing together

55
Q

ostealgia

A

oss tee AL jee ah

bone pain

56
Q

synovitis

A

sin oh VIGH tis

inflammation of synovial membrane

57
Q

Colles fracture

A

KAW leez

wrist fracture

58
Q

comminuted fracture

A

kom ih NYOOT ed

shattered bone, crushed bone

59
Q

compound fracture

A

bone has broken through skin, opened fracture

60
Q

compression fracture

A

loss of height of a vertebral body

61
Q

greenstick fracture

A

incompleted break

62
Q

impacted fracture

A

bones are pushed into each other

63
Q

pathologic fracture

A

fracture caused by diseased

64
Q

chondroma

A

tumor that forms in cartilage

65
Q

Ewing’s sarcoma

A

YOO ingz

malignant growth found in shaft of long bones that spreads through periosteum

66
Q

exostosis

A

eks oss THO sis

outward projection from surface of bone

67
Q

myeloma

A

my eh LOH mah

Tumor that forms in bone marrow tissue

68
Q

osteochondroma

A

tumor in both bone and cartilage

69
Q

osteogenic sarcoma

A

most common type of bone cancer begins in osteocytes found at ends of long bones

70
Q

osteomalacia

A

softening of bones caused by deficiency of calcium

71
Q

osteomyelitis

A

inflammation of bone and bone marrow

72
Q

osteoporosis

A

decrease in bone mass resulting in fracture, bone become more porous

73
Q

Paget’s disease

A

PAH jets
metabolic disease of bone from unknown causes
usually in middle-age and adults
bone destruction and deformity

74
Q

rickets

A

deficiency in calcium and vitamin D found in early childhood

usually resulting in bowed legs

75
Q

ankylosing spondylitis

A

ang kih LOH sing

inflammatory spinal resembling rheumatoid arthritis resulting in stiffening and fusion of vertebrae, common in men

76
Q

HERniated NUcleus pulPOsus

A

herniated of intervertebral disk,

Ruptured disk

77
Q

kyPHOsis

A

abnormally increase in outward curvature of thoracic spine,

hunchback

78
Q

kyph/o

A

hump

79
Q

lorDOsis

A

abnormally increase in forward curvature of lumbar spine

80
Q

scoliOsis

A

abnormal lateral curvature of spine

81
Q

spinal sterNOsis

A

narrowing of spinal canal causing pressure on cord and nerves

82
Q

spondylolisTHEsis

A

forward sliding of lumbar

83
Q

spondyLOsis

A

ankylosing of spine

84
Q

whiplash

A

cervical muscle and ligament sprain or strain as a result of sudden movement forward and backward of head and neck

85
Q

osteoarTHRItis

A

arthritis resulting in degeneration of bones and joints

86
Q

subluXAtion

A

incomplete dislocation

87
Q

systemic lupus erythemaTOsus

A

chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of connective tissue affecting many systems that may include joint pain and arthritis

88
Q

amputation

A

partial or complete removal of a limb for a variety

89
Q

bunionECtomy

A

removal of a bursa at joint of great toe

Medical Terms (9 decks)

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