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Medical Terms > Chapter 11 Endocrine > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Endocrine Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

9 MAIN organs with endocrine system

A
  1. 2 Adrenal glands
  2. 1 Pituitary gland
  3. 2 Ovaries
  4. 2 Testes
  5. 1 Pancreas
  6. 1 Thymus gland
  7. 4 Parathyroid glands
  8. 1 Thyroid glands
  9. 1 Pineal gland
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2
Q

acr/o

A

extremities

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3
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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4
Q

adren/o

adrenal/o

A

adrenal glands

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5
Q

andr/o

A

male

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6
Q

gonad/o

A

sex glands

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7
Q

kal/i

A

potassium

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8
Q

natr/o

A

sodium

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9
Q

-dipsia

A

thirst

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10
Q

emic

A

pertaining to a blood condition

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11
Q

-tropic

A

pertaining to stimulating

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12
Q

-tropin

A

to stimulate

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13
Q

Roles of Pineal gland

A

Regulates circadian rhythm

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14
Q

roles of pituitary gland

A

regulates many other endocrines

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15
Q

Thyroid and parathyroid glands

A

Thyroid: regulates metabolic rate
Parathyroid: regulates blood calcium

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16
Q

thymus gland

A

promote development of immune systems

17
Q

adrenal glands

A

regulate water and electrolyte levels

18
Q

Pancreas glands

A

regulates blood sugar leverls

19
Q

role Ovaries

A

regulate female reproductive systems

20
Q

role testes

A

regulates male reproductive systems

21
Q

Adrenal cortex hormones

A

Glucocorticoids
Mineralocorticoids
Steroid sex hormones

22
Q

Adrenal medulla hormones

A

Epinephrine ( Adrenaline)

Norepinephrine (vasoconstrictor)

23
Q

Ovaries hormones

A

Estrogen (regulates menstrual cycle)

Progesterone (Prepares for conditions of pregnancy)

24
Q

Pancreas Hormones

A

Glucagon (Stimulates liver to release glucose into the blood)
Insulin (Regulates and promotes entry of glucose into cells)

25
Q

Parathyroid gland hormone PTH

A

Stimulates bone breakdown; regulates calcium level in the blood

26
Q

Pineal gland hormone

A

Melatonin (regulates circadian systems)

27
Q

Pituitary anterior lobe hormones

A
  • Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH): Regulates secretion of some adrenal cortex hormones
  • Gonadotropins: follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone
  • Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): Stimulates growth of eggs in females and sperm in males
  • Luteinizing hormone (LH): Regulates function of male and female gonads
  • Growth hormone (GH)
  • Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH): Stimulates pigment production in skin
  • Prolactin (PRL): Stimulates milk production
  • Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH): Regulates function of thyroid gland

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