Chapter 4 - Logic Systems and Theory

Question 0

Deduction

Answer 0

Moves from the general to the specific

Question 1

Induction

Answer 1

Moves from the particular to the general, from a specific set of observations to the discovery of a pattern that represents some degree of order among all given events

Question 2

Theory

Answer 2

A set of statements that renders intelligible some phenomenon or process

Question 3

Hypothesis

Answer 3

Statement in which a specific empirical outcome is predicted

Question 4

Falsifiable

Answer 4

Exhibiting the possibility of concluding that the hypothesis will not gain empirical support

Question 5

Positive relationship

Answer 5

Variables increase and decrease together

Question 6

Negative relationship

Answer 6

Variables increase and decrease inversely

Question 7

Directional hypothesis

Answer 7

When a hypothesis specifies a direction of outcome

Question 8

Non-directional hypothesis

Answer 8

When a hypothesis specifies a difference but not a direction of difference

Question 9

Inferential statistics

Answer 9

Method of data analysis based on the presumption that only random chance is operating in a set of data

Question 10

Null hypothesis

Answer 10

The implicit presumption that there is no difference between groups or no relationship between variables

Question 11

Point of saturation

Answer 11

When the tentative rule statement gains consistent support empirically with no need for additional revision