Chapter 2 - Basic Building Blocks Flashcards
Replication
Generally, the duplication of a study to expose or reduce error
Review of literature
A summary of what is already known a on a given topic, relevant to the argument a researcher is making to justify his or her own study
Triangulation
The process of comparing data gathered one way to data gathered using another method, using another method, using another researcher, or from different participants
APA style
The set of standards that guide the writing and publication of research, as elaborated in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
Quantitative research
Research in which the data take numerical form
Qualitative research
Research in which the data take nonnumerical (textual) form
Units of analysis
The what or whom being studied; in social science research, the most typical units of analysis are individual people
Unobtrusive research
Research in which the participants are not aware of being observed; content analysis and the analysis of social texts are examples of unobtrusive research.
Ecological fallacy
Erroneously drawing conclusions about individuals based solely on the observation of groups
Cross-sectional study
A study based on observations representing a single point in time, contrasted with a longitudinal study
Longitudinal study
A study design involving the collection of data at different points in time, contrasted with cross-sectional study
Trend study
A type of longitudinal study in which a given characteristic of some population is monitored over time
Cohort study
A study in which some specific group is studied over time although data may be collected from different members in each set of observations.
Panel study
A type of longitudinal study in which data are collected from the same sample at several points in time
