Chapter 4: Kapwa and the Struggle for Justice, Freedom, and Dignity Flashcards
What is the term for basic courtesy or politeness toward strangers in Filipino social interaction?
a) Pakikisalamuha
b) Pakikitungo
c) Pakikipagpalagayang-loob
d) Pakikisama
Correct answer: b) Pakikitungo
Which of the following refers to social interaction without deeper involvement?
a) Pakikisama
b) Pakikisalamuha
c) Pakikilahok
d) Pakikipagkapwa
Correct answer: b) Pakikisalamuha
In Filipino interaction, what does “Pakikisama” refer to?
a) Conforming to social norms
b) Adjusting or compromising with group expectations
c) Developing trust and emotional openness
d) Joining activities without personal connection
Correct answer: b) Adjusting or compromising with group expectations
Which level of interaction is characterized by a profound sense of unity and identification?
a) Pakikipagpalagayang-loob
b) Pakikisangkot
c) Pakikiisa
d) Pakikisalamuha
Correct answer: c) Pakikiisa
What is the Filipino term for the shared dignity, respect, and deep human connection beyond mere conflict avoidance?
a) Kapwa
b) SIR (Smooth Interpersonal Relations)
c) SIS (Shared Inner Self)
d) Kagandahang-loob
Correct answer: c) SIS (Shared Inner Self)
Which of the following reflects treating everyone as equals, regardless of status or role in Filipino social interaction?
a) Pakikisalamuha
b) Pakikipagkapwa
c) Pakikisama
d) Pakikipagpalagayang-loob
Correct answer: b) Pakikipagkapwa
What is a key element in Pakikipagkapwa that rejects exploitative behavior and emphasizes fairness?
a) Social norms
b) Emotional openness
c) Moral commitment
d) Reciprocity
Correct answer: c) Moral commitment
Which term refers to the process of actively engaging in shared concerns in Filipino social interaction?
a) Pakikipagpalagayang-loob
b) Pakikisangkot
c) Pakikipagkapwa
d) Pakikisalamuha
Correct answer: b) Pakikisangkot
The Filipino concept of “Kapwa” signifies:
a) The separation of self from others
b) A shared inner self and connectedness
c) The superficial aspect of social norms
d) Strict adherence to individualism
Correct answer: b) A shared inner self and connectedness
What term describes a Filipino’s effort to avoid conflict by adhering to superficial social norms?
a) SIS
b) SIR
c) Pakikipagkapwa
d) Kagandahang-loob
Correct answer: b) SIR
Which of the following best describes the Filipino term “Kagandahang-loob”?
a) A shared inner nobility expressed in acts of generosity
b) The act of adjusting to social norms
c) The deep emotional bond formed with strangers
d) A personal commitment to fairness and justice
Correct answer: a) A shared inner nobility expressed in acts of generosity
Which of the following actions embodies the value of Kagandahang-loob?
a) Lending utensils to neighbors
b) Conforming to group expectations
c) Avoiding conflict in conversations
d) Engaging in personal introspection
Correct answer: a) Lending utensils to neighbors
What is the moral dimension of Pakikipagkapwa, demonstrated during the People’s Power revolution of 1986?
a) Conflict avoidance
b) Collective resistance against exploitation
c) Spiritual unity
d) Individual success
Correct answer: b) Collective resistance against exploitation
Which of the following is the highest level of Pakikipagkapwa?
a) Pakikilahok
b) Pakikipagpalagayang-loob
c) Pakikiisa
d) Pakikisama
Correct answer: c) Pakikiisa
Which Filipino proverb reflects the difficulty of treating others as equals?
a) “Madali ang maging tao, mahirap ang magpakatao”
b) “Kung mahirap ang maging tao, lalong mahirap ang makipagkapwa-tao”
c) “Ang hindi marunong lumingon sa pinagmulan ay hindi makararating sa paroroonan”
d) “Bilog ang mundo, may araw at may gabi”
Correct answer: b) “Kung mahirap ang maging tao, lalong mahirap ang makipagkapwa-tao”
Which Filipino pronoun refers to an inclusive “we” that includes the listener?
a) Kami
b) Tayo
c) Kita
d) Isang-bansa
Correct answer: b) Tayo
What Filipino term describes the act of joining activities without significant personal connection?
a) Pakikisalamuha
b) Pakikilahok
c) Pakikisama
d) Pakikipagkapwa
Correct answer: b) Pakikilahok
The concept of “Saling-pusa” refers to:
a) A flexible member of a group
b) A formal and highly committed member of a group
c) A moral leader in the community
d) A person who avoids conflict at all costs
Correct answer: a) A flexible member of a group
The Filipino term “Kita” refers to:
a) Dual “we” (speaker and listener)
b) Exclusive “we” (excludes listener)
c) Inclusive “we” (includes listener)
d) A singular “we” (referring to the speaker alone)
Correct answer: a) Dual “we” (speaker and listener)
The Filipino concept of “Kapwa” emphasizes:
a) The independence of each individual
b) A shared existence that connects people together
c) Strictly following social norms to avoid conflict
d) The division of roles based on status
Correct answer: b) A shared existence that connects people together
Pakikipagkapwa reflects a commitment to:
a) Cooperation based on personal benefit
b) Treating everyone as equals
c) Avoiding confrontation at all costs
d) Making sure to maintain personal boundaries
Correct answer: b) Treating everyone as equals
The Filipino concept of Kapwa is closely related to the value of:
a) Individualism
b) Unity and mutual respect
c) Competition and personal success
d) Superficial friendliness
Correct answer: b) Unity and mutual respect
Pakikibagay refers to:
a) Developing trust and emotional openness
b) Adjusting to social norms or situations
c) Compromising to align with group expectations
d) Forming emotional bonds with others
Correct answer: b) Adjusting to social norms or situations
Which of the following is an example of an act driven by Kagandahang-loob?
a) Criticizing a neighbor’s behavior
b) Lending a car to a friend in need without expecting anything in return
c) Always conforming to group expectations
d) Avoiding conversation to prevent conflict
Correct answer: b) Lending a car to a friend in need without expecting anything in return
Which level of interaction involves developing mutual trust and emotional openness?
a) Pakikisangkot
b) Pakikipagpalagayang-loob
c) Pakikisalamuha
d) Pakikibagay
Correct answer: b) Pakikipagpalagayang-loob
Which Filipino value is closely associated with the idea of reciprocity and nobility in human interaction?
a) Pakikisalamuha
b) Kagandahang-loob
c) Pakikisama
d) Pakikipagkapwa
Correct answer: b) Kagandahang-loob
What is the term for the moral commitment to equitable treatment in Filipino social values?
a) Kagandahang-loob
b) Pakikisama
c) Pakikipagkapwa
d) Kapwa-tao
Correct answer: c) Pakikipagkapwa
The term “Panakip-butas” refers to:
a) A highly valued member of a community
b) A “filler” or substitute member of a group
c) A leader in the social structure
d) A long-time member of a group
Correct answer: b) A “filler” or substitute member of a group
What term best describes the Filipino strategy for avoiding conflict in social interactions?
a) Kapwa
b) SIR
c) SIS
d) Pakikisama
Correct answer: b) SIR
Which of the following is a central concept in Filipino philosophy related to human connectedness?
a) Kapwa
b) Pakikisalamuha
c) Kagandahang-loob
d) Pakikipagkapwa
Correct answer: a) Kapwa
What does the Filipino concept of “karangalan” encompass?
a) Only self-dignity
b) Both puri (external recognition) and dangal (self-dignity)
c) External recognition only
d) Only external validation from society
Correct answer: b) Both puri (external recognition) and dangal (self-dignity)
Which component of karangalan refers to society’s acknowledgment of a person’s worth?
a) Puri
b) Parangal
c) Dangal
d) Pagkatao
Correct answer: a) Puri
What does the concept of “dangal” primarily represent?
a) Public accolades
b) Self-dignity and internal honor
c) Social recognition
d) External validation
Correct answer: b) Self-dignity and internal honor
How does dangal differ from puri in Filipino culture?
a) Dangal comes from within, while puri relies on external affirmation.
b) Dangal is related to social norms, while puri is personal.
c) Dangal is external recognition, while puri is internal honor.
d) Dangal is less significant than puri.
Correct answer: a) Dangal comes from within, while puri relies on external affirmation.
What does “staking dangal” signify in Filipino psychology?
a) Securing external validation
b) Defending or pursuing a principle, risking one’s identity
c) Compromising personal values for social approval
d) Avoiding moral challenges
Correct answer: b) Defending or pursuing a principle, risking one’s identity
How does the Filipino concept of “kalayaan” differ from the Western understanding of freedom?
a) Kalayaan is solely about political independence.
b) Kalayaan is a luxury for only the wealthy.
c) Kalayaan transcends legal rights, focusing on survival and necessity.
d) Kalayaan is about following societal rules and norms.
Correct answer: c) Kalayaan transcends legal rights, focusing on survival and necessity.
In Filipino culture, kalayaan often equates to:
a) The ability to sustain life and livelihood
b) Freedom from poverty
c) The ability to act freely within the law
d) The ability to travel without restrictions
Correct answer: a) The ability to sustain life and livelihood
How do marginalized communities in the Philippines often view kalayaan?
a) As a luxury
b) As a survival necessity, linked to daily life
c) As a legal entitlement
d) As a form of political freedom
Correct answer: b) As a survival necessity, linked to daily life
What does kalayaan mean for the Aetas of Zambales?
a) Freedom from poverty
b) The ability to move their kaingin fields despite laws
c) The freedom to access legal benefits
d) Freedom from all societal constraints
Correct answer: b) The ability to move their kaingin fields despite laws
For many Filipinos, especially in rural areas, kalayaan is linked to:
a) The need to survive and sustain their livelihood
b) Political independence
c) Legal freedom
d) The ability to escape societal responsibilities
Correct answer: a) The need to survive and sustain their livelihood
In Filipino thought, the freedom to act is often directly tied to:
a) Personal ambition
b) Independence from cultural traditions
c) Sustaining life and community
d) National sovereignty
Correct answer: c) Sustaining life and community
The Filipino understanding of kalayaan highlights:
a) The ability to escape societal responsibilities
b) A conflict-free life
c) The interplay between constraints and survival needs
d) Freedom from government regulations
Correct answer: c) The interplay between constraints and survival needs
The concept of “katarungan” is essential for what in Filipino society?
a) Financial stability
b) Peace and harmony
c) Economic growth
d) Individual success
Correct answer: b) Peace and harmony
What historical movement in the Philippines highlighted the importance of justice (katarungan)?
a) People Power Revolution
b) Justice for Aquino, Justice for All (JAJA)
c) Economic Reforms of the 1980s
d) Martial Law
Correct answer: b) Justice for Aquino, Justice for All (JAJA)
In the Filipino context, justice (katarungan) is deeply tied to:
a) Accountability and reconciliation
b) Personal wealth accumulation
c) Strict enforcement of the law
d) Maintaining social order through control
Correct answer: a) Accountability and reconciliation
What foreign influences shaped Philippine laws and concepts of justice?
a) Chinese legal traditions
b) British colonial rule
c) Filipino indigenous practices
d) Spanish Civil Code and American Constitutional frameworks
Correct answer: d) Spanish Civil Code and American Constitutional frameworks
Filipino justice (katarungan) is a hybrid of which two systems?
a) Indigenous Filipino values and foreign laws
b) Islamic law and European traditions
c) Colonial practices and indigenous Filipino customs
d) Western democracy and Chinese philosophy
Correct answer: a) Indigenous Filipino values and foreign laws
What role does “puri” play in the Filipino concept of karangalan?
a) It provides external validation and recognition from society.
b) It reflects a person’s ability to adapt to societal norms.
c) It is an internal, intrinsic quality that supports personal values.
d) It is linked to the individual’s ability to succeed.
Correct answer: a) It provides external validation and recognition from society.
What does the Filipino concept of “dangal” enable an individual to do?
a) Face challenges with integrity and maintain self-respect
b) Achieve societal recognition
c) Gain personal wealth
d) Adjust to social pressures
Correct answer: a) Face challenges with integrity and maintain self-respect
What is an example of “staking dangal” in Filipino culture?
a) Remaining silent in the face of injustice
b) Defending a principle even at the risk of personal harm
c) Seeking public recognition for achievements
d) Complying with social expectations to avoid criticism
Correct answer: b) Defending a principle even at the risk of personal harm
The concept of kalayaan in rural or impoverished areas often involves:
a) Navigating through legal restrictions to survive
b) Pursuing leisure activities
c) Working in government-regulated fields
d) Fighting for political independence
Correct answer: a) Navigating through legal restrictions to survive
What does “kalayaan” mean for the duck raisers of Laguna?
a) The freedom to live without external constraints
b) Accessing formal education
c) Intruding into fishpens to gather food for their ducks
d) Working in government-regulated fields
Correct answer: c) Intruding into fishpens to gather food for their ducks
Which Filipino term represents external recognition of someone’s worth?
a) Kalayaan
b) Puri
c) Katarungan
d) Dangal
Correct answer: b) Puri
In the Filipino concept of justice (katarungan), social justice is considered as essential as:
a) Financial wealth
b) Individual ambition
c) Food and employment
d) Political power
Correct answer: c) Food and employment
What is the main principle behind Filipino justice (katarungan)?
a) Strict enforcement of the law
b) Reconciliation and accountability
c) Maintaining social order through control
d) Prioritizing individual success
Correct answer: b) Reconciliation and accountability
Which of the following reflects the Filipino concept of kalayaan?
a) The freedom to escape societal responsibilities
b) The ability to act based on survival needs
c) Political independence
d) The ability to travel freely
Correct answer: b) The ability to act based on survival needs
How does “karangalan” relate to an individual’s identity in Filipino culture?
a) It is determined by material success.
b) It involves both internal and external aspects of dignity and honor.
c) It only reflects external achievements.
d) It is solely based on societal approval.
Correct answer: b) It involves both internal and external aspects of dignity and honor.
Which Filipino term refers to the external validation or praise for one’s achievements or qualities?
a) Kalayaan
b) Puri
c) Katarungan
d) Dangal
Correct answer: b) Puri
What does “kalayaan” in the Filipino context often emphasize for marginalized groups?
a) Freedom from government regulations
b) Legal rights and privileges
c) Political freedom
d) The ability to act based on survival needs
Correct answer: d) The ability to act based on survival needs
Which of the following is an essential characteristic of Filipino justice (katarungan)?
a) It avoids conflicts at all costs.
b) It integrates foreign and indigenous values to create a hybrid concept.
c) It prioritizes individual success.
d) It is based solely on external laws.
Correct answer: b) It integrates foreign and indigenous values to create a hybrid concept.
Which is not one of the constitution of the Philippines?
a. The 1986 Freedom Constitution.
b. The 1943 Constitution.
c. The 1899 Constitution of Biak-na-Bato.
d. The 1899 Malolos Constitution.
c. The 1899 Constitution of Biak-na-Bato.
What year is the freedon constitution?
a. 1897
b. 1935
c. 1973
d. 1986
d. 1986
What year is the Malolos constitution?
a. 1899
b. 1999
c. 1998
d. 1898
a. 1899
Which constitution happened during 1897?
a. The Mabolo Constitution
b. The constitution of Biak-na-Bato
c. Acts of the United States Congress
d. The Freeson Constitution
b. The constitution of Biak-na-Bato
Karapatan (rights), katotohanan (truth) and katwiran (reason), and kapayapaan (peace) and pagkakaisa (unity) are the core elements of?
a. Kabayanihan
b. Batas
c. Kalayaan
d. Katarungan
d. Katarungan
The filipino term __________ implies command or decree.
a. Katarungan
b. Batas
c. Konstitusyon
d. Pakikiisa
B. Batas
It emphasizes fairness and appropriateness.
a. Katarungan
b. Batas
c. Konstitusyon
d. Pakikiisa
a. Katarungan
