Chapter 3: Toward a Liberation Psychology Flashcards
What is the main goal of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) To completely reject Western psychology
b) To develop an indigenous Filipino psychology
c) To follow Western psychological models
d) To focus only on traditional Filipino practices
Answer: b) To develop an indigenous Filipino psychology
Which of the following is NOT one of the key emphases of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Identity and national consciousness
b) Social awareness and involvement
c) Racial discrimination
d) National and ethnic languages
Answer: c) Racial discrimination
Sikolohiyang Pilipino aims to reduce reliance on which of the following?
a) Traditional Filipino practices
b) Western psychological models
c) Indigenous healing practices
d) National languages
Answer: b) Western psychological models
Which of the following areas is NOT a base of application for Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Health practice
b) Agriculture
c) Mass media
d) Space exploration
Answer: d) Space exploration
Sikolohiyang Pilipino emphasizes the importance of which aspects of Filipino culture?
a) Colonial influence
b) Historical past, ethnic diversity, and societal dynamics
c) Western consumerism
d) Globalization and technology
Answer: b) Historical past, ethnic diversity, and societal dynamics
Which historical figures are associated with the early development of the psychology of the Filipino?
a) Rizal, Bonifacio, and Marcos
b) Jacinto, Mabini, and del Pilar
c) Aquino, Quezon, and Magsaysay
d) Aguinaldo, Lacson, and Sison
Answer: b) Jacinto, Mabini, and del Pilar
Which of the following is true about Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) It is strictly focused on Western psychological models
b) It is neither nativistic nor radical
c) It rejects all forms of social science
d) It is only practiced in urban areas
Answer: b) It is neither nativistic nor radical
What is Sikolohiyang Pilipino’s stance on tradition?
a) It encourages an over-romanticized attachment to tradition
b) It rejects all traditional practices
c) It seeks a balanced approach to tradition and modernity
d) It solely focuses on indigenous communities
Answer: c) It seeks a balanced approach to tradition and modernity
Which of the following is a key aspect of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Over-reliance on Western practices
b) The scientific study and application of Filipino psychology
c) Isolation from global psychological practices
d) Rejection of all foreign influences
Answer: b) The scientific study and application of Filipino psychology
Which of the following is an example of a focus of study within Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Western economic policies
b) The cultural and historical context of the Filipino people
c) Psychological theories from Europe
d) International peace treaties
Answer: b) The cultural and historical context of the Filipino people
What was one reason for the emergence of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) A desire to challenge colonial influences
b) To align with global psychological standards
c) To follow the Western approach to psychology
d) To avoid studying Filipino culture
Answer: a) A desire to challenge colonial influences
What does Sikolohiyang Pilipino reject about Western psychology?
a) Its reliance on scientific research
b) Its failure to capture the unique experiences of Filipinos
c) Its focus on indigenous cultures
d) Its application in educational settings
Answer: b) Its failure to capture the unique experiences of Filipinos
Which of the following best describes Sikolohiyang Pilipino’s approach?
a) Radical anti-establishment
b) Nativistic and closed to change
c) Scientific and systematic study
d) Focused solely on traditional Filipino practices
Answer: c) Scientific and systematic study
Which of the following is true about Sikolohiyang Pilipino’s view on indigenous cultural communities?
a) It only focuses on the negative aspects of indigenous cultures
b) It shows nationalistic fervor and attention to cultural practices
c) It disregards the role of indigenous communities in society
d) It isolates indigenous people from the modern Filipino identity
Answer: b) It shows nationalistic fervor and attention to cultural practices
The proponents of Sikolohiyang Pilipino aim to correct which of the following imbalances?
a) Overreliance on tradition
b) Overreliance on Western psychological models
c) Disrespect towards Western knowledge
d) Ignorance of global trends in psychology
Answer: b) Overreliance on Western psychological models
Which of the following areas is NOT a focus of study in Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Filipino societal dynamics
b) Ethnic diversity and culture
c) Western individualism
d) Filipino historical roots
Answer: c) Western individualism
What is the primary benefit of Sikolohiyang Pilipino to Filipino society?
a) It ensures the dominance of Western psychology in local practices
b) It promotes a deeper understanding of Filipino identity and experiences
c) It completely rejects Western models
d) It isolates Filipinos from global psychological trends
Answer: b) It promotes a deeper understanding of Filipino identity and experiences
Which of the following is NOT a component of the embodiment of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Systematic and scientific study
b) Appreciation of Filipino culture
c) Application of Western psychological theories
d) Application in various sectors of society
Answer: c) Application of Western psychological theories
Which of the following best describes Sikolohiyang Pilipino’s view on Western psychology?
a) It wholly embraces Western psychology without modification
b) It critiques and challenges the relevance of Western psychology to Filipino realities
c) It only uses Western models in educational settings
d) It completely rejects all Western influences
Answer: b) It critiques and challenges the relevance of Western psychology to Filipino realities
Which of the following best describes the nature of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) It is a purely theoretical discipline with no practical applications
b) It is a culturally relevant and scientifically grounded discipline
c) It is focused only on psychological theories, not on practical application
d) It is a traditional approach with no room for scientific methods
Answer: b) It is a culturally relevant and scientifically grounded discipline
What is the primary focus of Sikolohiyang Pilipino in terms of research methodology?
a) To use formal, structured interviews
b) To employ culturally appropriate methods rooted in Filipino culture
c) To adopt Western psychological frameworks
d) To prioritize quantitative over qualitative methods
Answer: b) To employ culturally appropriate methods rooted in Filipino culture
Which of the following best describes the method of Pagtatanong-tanong?
a) Formal, structured interviews
b) Informal and conversational questioning
c) Non-verbal communication analysis
d) Data collection through observation
Answer: b) Informal and conversational questioning
What is the primary purpose of Pagtatanong-tanong in Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) To establish formal authority over participants
b) To create a casual, non-threatening atmosphere for dialogue
c) To collect numerical data
d) To emphasize verbal communication only
Answer: b) To create a casual, non-threatening atmosphere for dialogue
What does the Pakikiramdam method focus on?
a) Quantitative surveys
b) Sensitivity and empathy, including unspoken cues
c) Structured group discussions
d) Gathering written feedback from participants
Answer: b) Sensitivity and empathy, including unspoken cues
How does Pakikiramdam differ from more direct communication methods?
a) It emphasizes written communication
b) It focuses on non-verbal and indirect cues
c) It relies heavily on questioning
d) It uses formal language only
Answer: b) It focuses on non-verbal and indirect cues
What is the focus of the Panunuluyan method?
a) Establishing formal research parameters
b) Immersing the researcher in the community to observe daily life
c) Creating a non-participatory research environment
d) Relying on surveys and statistical analysis
Answer: b) Immersing the researcher in the community to observe daily life
What does the Pakikipamuhay method involve?
a) Surveying participants in a neutral setting
b) Living with participants as part of their community
c) Holding focus group discussions
d) Observing participants from a distance
Answer: b) Living with participants as part of their community
What is the primary value of Pakikipamuhay in Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) To conduct research without affecting the community
b) To build trust and mutual understanding through direct participation
c) To distance the researcher from the community to ensure objectivity
d) To focus solely on written documentation
Answer: b) To build trust and mutual understanding through direct participation
Which of the following is NOT a method used in Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Pagtatanong-tanong
b) Pakikiramdam
c) Panunuluyan
d) Structural equation modeling
Answer: d) Structural equation modeling
What does Sikolohiyang Pilipino protest against in relation to Western psychology?
a) Overreliance on cultural studies
b) The imposition of foreign psychological frameworks on Filipino society
c) The rejection of indigenous practices
d) The focus on individualism and materialism
Answer: b) The imposition of foreign psychological frameworks on Filipino society
What is the core protest of Sikolohiyang Malaya (“Liberated Psychology”)?
a) The exploitation of Filipino labor
b) The colonial mindset that fosters dependency and inferiority
c) The overemphasis on collective culture
d) The devaluation of Western traditions
Answer: b) The colonial mindset that fosters dependency and inferiority
What does Pagbabagong-isip represent in the context of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) A call for the rejection of all psychological models
b) A call for the decolonization of the Filipino psyche
c) A call for Western psychological domination
d) A call for the abandonment of Filipino traditions
Answer: b) A call for the decolonization of the Filipino psyche
Which of the following is the main goal of Sikolohiyang Malaya?
a) To maintain Filipino dependence on Western practices
b) To empower Filipinos to view themselves through their own cultural lens
c) To reject all foreign influence in Filipino society
d) To adopt a purely traditional Filipino approach to psychology
Answer: b) To empower Filipinos to view themselves through their own cultural lens
What does Sikolohiyang Pilipino aim to achieve in terms of psychological frameworks?
a) To promote individualistic and urban-centric psychology
b) To impose Western psychological models on Filipino society
c) To resist inappropriate Western frameworks and develop indigenous models
d) To reject all forms of scientific research
Answer: c) To resist inappropriate Western frameworks and develop indigenous models
What is the criticism of Western psychology in the context of Filipino society?
a) It is too focused on collective values
b) It ignores the needs of rural and collective-oriented communities
c) It aligns perfectly with Filipino social structures
d) It is based on Filipino traditions
Answer: b) It ignores the needs of rural and collective-oriented communities
What shift does Sikolohiyang Pilipino advocate in terms of psychological practice?
a) A shift toward urban-centric practices
b) A focus on industrial settings over rural communities
c) A reconceptualization to address livelihood-related challenges
d) A focus on corporate psychology and elitism
Answer: c) A reconceptualization to address livelihood-related challenges
What is Sikolohiyang Pang-industriya (“Industrial Psychology”) contrasted with in Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Sikolohiyang Pangkabuhayan (“Livelihood/Economic Psychology”)
b) Sikolohiyang Mapagpalaya (“Liberating Psychology”)
c) Sikolohiyang Malaya (“Liberated Psychology”)
d) Sikolohiyang Pilipino as a whole
Answer: a) Sikolohiyang Pangkabuhayan (“Livelihood/Economic Psychology”)
Which of the following is the goal of Sikolohiyang Pangkabuhayan?
a) To focus on urban corporations and industrial practices
b) To address the economic challenges faced by rural communities
c) To focus solely on psychological theory and not practice
d) To maintain the status quo of elitist practices in psychology
Answer: b) To address the economic challenges faced by rural communities
What does Sikolohiyang Mapagpalaya (“Liberating Psychology”) protest against?
a) The advancement of technology in psychology
b) A psychology that serves only the elite and neglects the masses
c) The decolonization of Filipino culture
d) The widespread use of quantitative methods
Answer: b) A psychology that serves only the elite and neglects the masses
What is the main goal of Sikolohiyang Mapagpalaya?
a) To promote corporate interests in psychology
b) To maintain the existing social structures of inequality
c) To empower marginalized Filipinos and promote social justice
d) To reject psychological services for the poor
Answer: c) To empower marginalized Filipinos and promote social justice
Which of the following best describes the role of Sikolohiyang Mapagpalaya in relation to oppression?
a) It aims to reinforce existing power structures
b) It seeks to perpetuate poverty and inequality
c) It advocates for the liberation of oppressed communities
d) It focuses solely on the elite
Answer: c) It advocates for the liberation of oppressed communities
What does Sikolohiyang Pilipino encourage researchers to do in rural communities?
a) Conduct studies that are unrelated to the community’s context
b) Focus exclusively on urban psychology
c) Engage directly with the community to understand their struggles and needs
d) Ignore the collective practices of the community
Answer: c) Engage directly with the community to understand their struggles and needs
What is one criticism of traditional psychology that Sikolohiyang Pilipino addresses?
a) The focus on collective practices rather than individualism
b) The focus on elite interests and neglect of the masses
c) The emphasis on rural values over urban ones
d) The reliance on qualitative research methods
Answer: b) The focus on elite interests and neglect of the masses
Which Filipino cultural value is most emphasized in Sikolohiyang Pilipino’s research methods?
a) Individualism
b) Rural-urban divide
c) Collectivism and community-based practices
d) Materialism
Answer: c) Collectivism and community-based practices
What does Sikolohiyang Mapagpalaya aim to achieve for marginalized Filipinos?
a) To ensure they remain dependent on foreign aid
b) To provide them with tools for self-determination and resistance
c) To keep them isolated from mainstream society
d) To prioritize their needs in corporate settings
Answer: b) To provide them with tools for self-determination and resistance
Which research method is emphasized by Sikolohiyang Pilipino for understanding the Filipino experience?
a) Statistical analysis
b) Traditional Western interviews
c) Culturally rooted, participatory approaches
d) Strictly theoretical research
Answer: c) Culturally rooted, participatory approaches
What type of psychology does Sikolohiyang Pilipino seek to promote?
a) A psychology that solely serves academic interests
b) A psychology that is relevant to the lives of ordinary Filipinos
c) A psychology focused on elite institutions
d) A psychology rooted in Western individualism
Answer: b) A psychology that is relevant to the lives of ordinary Filipinos
What is the ultimate goal of Sikolohiyang Pilipino for Filipino society?
a) To embrace Western psychological models
b) To build a psychology that reflects Filipino identity, values, and needs
c) To isolate Filipino psychology from global trends
d) To eliminate psychological services in rural areas
Answer: b) To build a psychology that reflects Filipino identity, values, and needs
Which of the following best describes the concept of Sikolohiyang Pilipino in relation to colonialism?
a) It advocates for maintaining colonial influences
b) It encourages a return to pre-colonial Filipino practices
c) It challenges colonial mindsets and promotes self-determination
d) It seeks to integrate foreign practices with Filipino culture
Answer: c) It challenges colonial mindsets and promotes self-determination
What role does Sikolohiyang Pilipino see for psychologists in Filipino society?
a) To serve the elite and uphold existing power structures
b) To only focus on urban areas and corporate settings
c) To actively work for social justice and the empowerment of marginalized communities
d) To reject all forms of academic research
Answer: c) To actively work for social justice and the empowerment of marginalized communities
What is a key feature of Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino Psychology)?
a) It is rooted in Western psychological theories
b) It draws heavily from traditional healing techniques and community-based practices
c) It emphasizes individualism over collectivism
d) It uses only scientific methods, without considering cultural factors
Answer: b) It draws heavily from traditional healing techniques and community-based practices
Which indigenous Filipino practitioners influenced the development of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Psychiatrists
b) Babaylans (indigenous priest-healers) and catalonans
c) Doctors and medical professionals
d) Western-trained psychologists
Answer: b) Babaylans (indigenous priest-healers) and catalonans
What aspect of well-being do traditional Filipino healing practices emphasize?
a) Physical health only
b) Holistic understanding, integrating spirituality, community, and psychological health
c) Urban-focused mental health strategies
d) Individual success and achievement
Answer: b) Holistic understanding, integrating spirituality, community, and psychological health
How does Sikolohiyang Pilipino address the socio-political realities of the Philippines?
a) By ignoring the political context
b) By incorporating insights from local religio-political movements
c) By focusing solely on psychological theories from Western countries
d) By separating psychology from social issues
Answer: b) By incorporating insights from local religio-political movements
What does Sikolohiyang Pangnayon (Community/Rural Psychology) emphasize?
a) Top-down approaches to psychology
b) A focus on urban environments
c) The value of rural wisdom and practices in psychological research
d) Exclusively using Western psychological models
Answer: c) The value of rural wisdom and practices in psychological research
What is the approach promoted by Sikolohiyang Pilipino regarding rural communities?
a) To impose Western models on rural communities
b) To learn from the people and serve them using their own knowledge
c) To limit psychological services to urban areas only
d) To disregard the practices of rural communities
Answer: b) To learn from the people and serve them using their own knowledg
How does Sikolohiyang Pilipino view science and humanism?
a) As separate and incompatible
b) As two opposing approaches
c) As complementary, integrating objective data with cultural relevance and human welfare
d) As irrelevant to the Filipino context
Answer: c) As complementary, integrating objective data with cultural relevance and human welfare
What does Sikolohiyang Pilipino prioritize when studying psychological phenomena?
a) Rigid scientific methods without cultural context
b) Human welfare and cultural relevance over detached methodologies
c) Individualism and personal achievement
d) Abstract theories without practical applications
Answer: b) Human welfare and cultural relevance over detached methodologies
Why does Sikolohiyang Pilipino combine science and art?
a) To ensure psychological findings are only scientifically accurate
b) To creatively adapt findings to fit Filipino cultural and situational contexts
c) To prioritize scientific methods over cultural adaptation
d) To exclude non-scientific approaches from psychology
Answer: b) To creatively adapt findings to fit Filipino cultural and situational contexts
What is the concept of kamalayan in Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Individual consciousness
b) Collective consciousness, or the shared psyche of the Filipino people
c) Western-style personal psychology
d) Abstract philosophical thinking
Answer: b) Collective consciousness, or the shared psyche of the Filipino people
What is emphasized over ulirat (individual consciousness) in Filipino psychology?
a) The development of individualism
b) The importance of collectivism and shared history
c) A focus on personal achievement
d) The application of Western psychology
Answer: b) The importance of collectivism and shared history
Why is the Filipino language crucial in developing Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) It allows for the translation of Western psychological theories
b) It provides the basis for proposing indigenous psychological concepts
c) It is irrelevant to the development of Filipino psychology
d) It focuses on formal education rather than indigenous practices
Answer: b) It provides the basis for proposing indigenous psychological concepts
What term is used to refer to the Filipino psyche in Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Ulirot
b) Kamalayan
c) Diwa
d) Pananaw
Answer: c) Diwa
What is the metaphor of “tao sa bahay” (person in the house) used to explain?
a) The importance of the home as a physical space
b) The relationship between an outsider and a space versus someone integral to it
c) The role of psychology in addressing urban issues
d) The psychological effects of living in rural areas
Answer: b) The relationship between an outsider and a space versus someone integral to it
What does the distinction between “tao sa bahay” and “taong-bahay” highlight in Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) The difference between theoretical and practical psychology
b) How Filipino psychology is deeply rooted in cultural context
c) The differences between urban and rural communities
d) The importance of formal psychological education
Answer: b) How Filipino psychology is deeply rooted in cultural context
What does Sikolohiyang Pilipino prioritize in terms of research focus?
a) Global psychological theories
b) Filipino cultural context and experiences
c) Western standards of research and practice
d) Psychological theories from industrialized nations
Answer: b) Filipino cultural context and experiences
How does Sikolohiyang Pilipino approach the study of psychological health?
a) By focusing solely on Western clinical practices
b) By considering the social, political, and spiritual aspects of Filipino well-being
c) By isolating psychological health from societal issues
d) By prioritizing individual over collective psychological health
Answer: b) By considering the social, political, and spiritual aspects of Filipino well-being
What is the role of social action in Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) To reinforce traditional Filipino cultural practices without change
b) To use psychology to promote societal change and empowerment, especially for marginalized groups
c) To focus only on academic research without practical application
d) To maintain the status quo and avoid challenging societal norms
Answer: b) To use psychology to promote societal change and empowerment, especially for marginalized groups
How does Sikolohiyang Pilipino view the relationship between objective research and cultural relevance?
a) They are seen as opposing and incompatible
b) Objective research is disregarded in favor of cultural relevance
c) They are integrated to ensure both scientific rigor and cultural appropriateness
d) Cultural relevance is secondary to objective research
Answer: c) They are integrated to ensure both scientific rigor and cultural appropriateness
What is the primary goal of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) To follow Western models of psychology
b) To adapt psychology to the unique cultural and social realities of the Filipino people
c) To distance psychology from Filipino culture
d) To reject all modern psychological theories
Answer: b) To adapt psychology to the unique cultural and social realities of the Filipino people
What does “Tao sa Bahay” (Person in the House) represent in Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) A member of the Filipino family
b) A visitor or outsider who does not fully understand the inner workings of the household
c) A person deeply connected to Filipino culture
d) A formal psychologist trained in Western methods
Answer: b) A visitor or outsider who does not fully understand the inner workings of the household
How does “Tao sa Bahay” relate to Western psychology?
a) It represents foreign psychological theories that lack a deep connection to Filipino experiences
b) It embodies indigenous Filipino psychological practices
c) It is an essential part of Filipino psychological theory
d) It rejects any form of foreign influence in Filipino psychology
Answer: a) It represents foreign psychological theories that lack a deep connection to Filipino experiences
What does “Taong-Bahay” (House Person) symbolize in Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Someone who is merely passing through
b) A person who belongs to and actively contributes to the household
c) A foreign psychologist’s perspective on Filipino culture
d) A visitor who is not involved in daily activities
Answer: b) A person who belongs to and actively contributes to the household
How does Sikolohiyang Pilipino differ from external psychological theories?
a) It is an outsider’s perspective on Filipino psychology
b) It is developed within Filipino culture, reflecting Filipino values and identity
c) It focuses solely on individualism and Western ideals
d) It rejects all foreign psychological concepts
Answer: b) It is developed within Filipino culture, reflecting Filipino values and identity
What is emphasized in the adoption of Western psychological theories in Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Uncritical acceptance without any critique
b) Critical examination to identify limitations and avoid misapplications
c) Complete rejection of all foreign theories
d) The use of only Western frameworks for psychological research
Answer: b) Critical examination to identify limitations and avoid misapplications
What was the primary debate regarding language in the development of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Should the Filipino language be completely discarded in favor of English?
b) Should the language of psychological research be Pilipino/Filipino or another language?
c) Should only Tagalog be used in all research?
d) Should the language used be Latin, to standardize psychological terminology?
Answer: b) Should the language of psychological research be Pilipino/Filipino or another language?
Which of the following languages was debated as the medium of instruction in Filipino psychology?
a) Spanish
b) English
c) Pilipino/Filipino and indigenous languages
d) Mandarin
Answer: c) Pilipino/Filipino and indigenous languages
What language does Sikolohiyang Pilipino advocate for using in research and education?
a) Latin, for academic precision
b) English, for global accessibility
c) The “living language” or lingua franca of ordinary Filipinos
d) French, to align with Western academic standards
Answer: c) The “living language” or lingua franca of ordinary Filipinos
What event highlighted the importance of ethnic diversity in shaping Filipino consciousness?
a) The American Psychological Association conference
b) The Pambansang Samahan sa Sikolohiyang Pilipino convention
c) The International Psychology Conference
d) The Filipino Language Day
Answer: b) The Pambansang Samahan sa Sikolohiyang Pilipino convention
How did the debate over language influence the 1987 Philippine Constitution?
a) It resulted in the inclusion of Filipino as the national language
b) It led to the elimination of Filipino as the national language
c) It made English the official language for all research
d) It encouraged the use of multiple foreign languages
Answer: a) It resulted in the inclusion of Filipino as the national language
What is the central issue regarding the term “Filipino” in psychology?
a) Whether it refers only to urban, educated Filipinos or includes rural dwellers and indigenous groups
b) Whether it should only refer to those in Manila
c) Whether it should be applied only to upper-class Filipinos
d) Whether it should exclude minority ethnic groups
Answer: a) Whether it refers only to urban, educated Filipinos or includes rural dwellers and indigenous groups
Which of the following best describes Filipino identity in the context of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) A singular identity defined by urban, educated standards
b) A fragmented identity based on class differences
c) A rich and diverse identity, shaped by ethnic and cultural diversity
d) An identity rooted solely in Western influences
Answer: c) A rich and diverse identity, shaped by ethnic and cultural diversity
What did Samson (1965) suggest about Filipino psychology?
a) It is uniform and based on the same principles for all Filipinos
b) It is influenced by Western psychological frameworks
c) It is composed of multiple psychologies due to the Philippines’ cultural and ethnic diversity
d) It should focus only on the Tagalog-speaking population
Answer: c) It is composed of multiple psychologies due to the Philippines’ cultural and ethnic diversity
What role does ethnic diversity play in Filipino psychology?
a) It fragments Filipino identity
b) It has no impact on Filipino psychological theory
c) It contributes to the development of a richer, more inclusive psychological framework
d) It makes Filipino psychology irrelevant to modern society
Answer: c) It contributes to the development of a richer, more inclusive psychological framework
What does Sikolohiyang Pilipino emphasize in terms of unity despite cultural differences?
a) The importance of uniformity in cultural practices
b) The value of shared history and collective experiences in uniting Filipinos
c) The rejection of minority groups in favor of mainstream culture
d) The imposition of Western standards to unify different cultures
Answer: b) The value of shared history and collective experiences in uniting Filipinos
What is the ultimate goal of Sikolohiyang Pilipino in terms of ethnic consciousness?
a) To eliminate cultural differences
b) To ignore the challenges of ethnic minorities
c) To leverage shared history and collective experiences to unite Filipinos
d) To promote individualistic, Western ideals of psychology
Answer: c) To leverage shared history and collective experiences to unite Filipinos
What major issue is associated with the continued dominance of English in Filipino education and psychology?
a) It aligns with Filipino identity and cultural practices
b) It perpetuates a colonial mindset and limits the inclusivity of psychological research
c) It promotes equality among all ethnic groups
d) It encourages the study of indigenous Filipino healing practices
Answer: b) It perpetuates a colonial mindset and limits the inclusivity of psychological research
What does Sikolohiyang Pilipino say about the use of the Filipino language in psychological studies?
a) It should be completely disregarded in favor of English
b) It is essential to understand Filipino psychological realities
c) It should be used only for informal discussions
d) It should replace all Western psychological theories
Answer: b) It is essential to understand Filipino psychological realities
How does Sikolohiyang Pilipino approach the use of foreign psychological theories?
a) It accepts them without modification
b) It critically evaluates them to ensure their applicability to Filipino culture
c) It rejects them entirely
d) It adopts them without consideration of cultural differences
Answer: b) It critically evaluates them to ensure their applicability to Filipino culture
What does the metaphor of “Tao sa Bahay” and “Taong-Bahay” highlight in Filipino psychology?
a) The distinction between urban and rural populations
b) The difference between outsider perspectives and culturally rooted Filipino psychology
c) The role of foreign theories in shaping Filipino identity
d) The impact of Western colonialism on Filipino psychology
Answer: b) The difference between outsider perspectives and culturally rooted Filipino psychology
What major tradition has shaped psychology in the Philippines?
a) Indigenous Filipino traditions
b) Western, particularly American, traditions
c) Eastern philosophical traditions
d) African psychological frameworks
Answer: b) Western, particularly American, traditions
What is a key criticism of Western psychological frameworks in the Filipino context?
a) They focus too much on the individual
b) They emphasize universal findings and generalizability that may not address local Filipino realities
c) They are too focused on spiritual well-being
d) They reject social issues like poverty
Answer: b) They emphasize universal findings and generalizability that may not address local Filipino realities
What did Dr. Patricia Licuanan urge Filipino psychologists to do?
a) Focus on developing universal psychological theories
b) Ignore local socio-political issues
c) Engage with social and political issues to contribute to national development
d) Emphasize only psychological theory without addressing real-world problems
Answer: c) Engage with social and political issues to contribute to national development
What was Dr. Licuanan’s critique regarding the focus on decolonization?
a) It was too focused on economic struggles
b) It would solve all of the country’s problems
c) It might not directly address the economic struggles of Filipinos
d) It was irrelevant to the role of psychologists in society
Answer: c) It might not directly address the economic struggles of Filipinos
What issue does Sikolohiyang Pilipino emphasize in relation to universality?
a) It supports the universality of Western psychological theories
b) It emphasizes the need for culturally relevant theories instead of focusing on universal findings
c) It rejects all forms of universal psychology
d) It completely disregards global psychological concepts
Answer: b) It emphasizes the need for culturally relevant theories instead of focusing on universal findings
What does Sikolohiyang Pilipino urge Filipino psychologists to confront?
a) Global psychological trends
b) Real-world social problems and national issues
c) Only psychological theory without practical application
d) The rejection of all Western ideas
Answer: b) Real-world social problems and national issues
What challenge does Sikolohiyang Pilipino identify regarding the adoption of Western psychological theories?
a) These theories fit perfectly with Filipino cultural realities
b) Western theories ignore the unique cultural and societal context of Filipinos
c) Filipino culture is inherently compatible with Western psychological methods
d) Western theories focus solely on mental illness
Answer: b) Western theories ignore the unique cultural and societal context of Filipinos
Which Western psychological theory was often adopted uncritically by Filipino psychologists?
a) Humanistic psychology
b) Behaviorism by B.F. Skinner
c) Constructivist theory by Piaget
d) Psychoanalysis by Freud
Answer: b) Behaviorism by B.F. Skinner
What is a limitation of Skinner’s behaviorism in the Filipino context?
a) It is based on purely subjective experiences
b) It focuses too much on individual differences
c) It relies heavily on controlled experimental data, which may not reflect real Filipino behavior
d) It emphasizes the need for community-based solutions
Answer: c) It relies heavily on controlled experimental data, which may not reflect real Filipino behavior
Why may Western therapies not work effectively in the Philippines?
a) They focus too much on group behavior
b) They often do not address socio-economic challenges like poverty or community-based needs
c) They are overly focused on biological causes of mental illness
d) They do not prioritize individual well-being
Answer: b) They often do not address socio-economic challenges like poverty or community-based needs
What is the call for cultural relevance in Filipino psychology?
a) To adopt all Western theories without modification
b) To develop tools and methods that are appropriate for Filipino contexts
c) To abandon psychology entirely in favor of indigenous practices
d) To adopt Western methods for their universal appeal
Answer: b) To develop tools and methods that are appropriate for Filipino contexts
Which of the following is a culturally relevant method proposed by Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Learning strategies tailored to Filipino students
b) Therapies suited for outpatient clinics in the U.S.
c) Using only traditional Western therapy models
d) Promoting the use of English-only psychological tools
Answer: a) Learning strategies tailored to Filipino students
What challenge did Sikolohiyang Pilipino face as it emerged in the Philippines?
a) It had no connection to the indigenous cultural context
b) It was difficult to develop tools for community-based mental health solutions
c) There was too much focus on universalism without local context
d) There was no room for adapting Western psychology
Answer: c) There was too much focus on universalism without local context
What does Sikolohiyang Pilipino aim to critique?
a) The general acceptance of all Western theories as universally applicable
b) The lack of scientific methods in Filipino psychology
c) The need for more international collaborations in psychology
d) The rejection of all Western influences in Filipino culture
Answer: a) The general acceptance of all Western theories as universally applicable
What is the primary focus of Sikolohiyang Pilipino in addressing psychological issues?
a) Only psychological theory
b) The lived experiences of Filipinos in their cultural context
c) The study of Western-based therapy models
d) The comparison of Filipino psychology with Western psychology
Answer: b) The lived experiences of Filipinos in their cultural context
What is one of the key goals of Filipino psychologists, as suggested by Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) To prioritize research methods over cultural relevance
b) To study Filipino psychological issues in the context of global psychological standards
c) To develop psychologically appropriate tools for understanding and addressing Filipino realities
d) To focus exclusively on indigenous healing practices
Answer: c) To develop psychologically appropriate tools for understanding and addressing Filipino realities
How does Sikolohiyang Pilipino view the role of psychologists in national development?
a) Psychologists should focus on global issues only
b) Psychologists should avoid engaging with national issues
c) Psychologists should contribute to addressing national social and political issues
d) Psychologists should primarily follow Western approaches to development
Answer: c) Psychologists should contribute to addressing national social and political issues
What critique does Sikolohiyang Pilipino offer regarding the scientific rigor of Western psychological theories?
a) They lack empirical data and evidence
b) They are too focused on generalizing findings across cultures without considering local contexts
c) They are too culturally specific to be applied globally
d) They are overly focused on the emotional aspects of the individual
Answer: b) They are too focused on generalizing findings across cultures without considering local contexts
What does Sikolohiyang Pilipino aim to “indigenize”?
a) Western psychological theories
b) Filipino educational systems
c) Cultural practices unrelated to psychology
d) Filipino psychological practices and frameworks
Answer: d) Filipino psychological practices and frameworks
What is the challenge of uncritically adopting Western psychological theories in the Philippines?
a) They provide solutions that work across all cultures
b) They ignore the social, economic, and cultural realities faced by Filipinos
c) They are universally accepted without any resistance
d) They focus too much on community-based mental health solutions
Answer: b) They ignore the social, economic, and cultural realities faced by Filipinos
When was Sikolohiyang Pilipino first offered as a subject at the University of the Philippines?
a) 1975
b) 1978
c) 1982
d) 1985
Answer: b) 1978
What was the initial misunderstanding of students when Sikolohiyang Pilipino was introduced?
a) They expected to learn Western psychological methods
b) They expected to learn ready-made answers about Filipino psychology
c) They were confused about the relevance of the course
d) They expected to focus on individualistic psychology
Answer: b) They expected to learn ready-made answers about Filipino psychology
What challenge did students face when studying Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) They were required to memorize Western theories
b) They were expected to explore the limits and scope of creating a culturally grounded psychology
c) They were not taught any scientific methods
d) They had to reject all Western psychological models
Answer: b) They were expected to explore the limits and scope of creating a culturally grounded psychology
What is a key aspect of the process of decolonizing psychology in the Philippines?
a) Embracing only Western psychology
b) Rejecting all Western psychological theories
c) Moving away from Western paradigms and developing indigenous methods rooted in Filipino culture
d) Focusing exclusively on Western theories
Answer: c) Moving away from Western paradigms and developing indigenous methods rooted in Filipino culture
What does decolonizing psychology NOT involve?
a) Rejecting all Western theories
b) Critically testing the universality of Western theories
c) Adapting Western theories as needed for the Filipino context
d) Developing entirely new psychological frameworks unrelated to Western theories
Answer: a) Rejecting all Western theories
Which Filipino psychological concept reflects the value of interconnectedness and collective self?
a) Kapwa
b) Pakiramdam
c) Bayanihan
d) Ugnayan
Answer: a) Kapwa
What does the Filipino concept of “Pakiramdam” emphasize?
a) The ability to control one’s emotions
b) Sensitivity to others’ feelings and unspoken cues
c) The need for individual success
d) Independence from others
Answer: b) Sensitivity to others’ feelings and unspoken cues
What is an essential requirement for the indigenous concepts in Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) They must only reflect Filipino traditions
b) They must meet the same standards of scientific validity as Western theories
c) They must avoid incorporating Western elements
d) They must only be applicable to rural communities
Answer: b) They must meet the same standards of scientific validity as Western theories
What indigenous research method in Sikolohiyang Pilipino contrasts with rigid Western survey methods?
a) Experimentation
b) Pagtatanong-tanong (informal, iterative questioning)
c) Quantitative surveys
d) Randomized control trials
Answer: b) Pagtatanong-tanong (informal, iterative questioning)
What is one of the roles of Sikolohiyang Pilipino in relation to local and global perspectives?
a) To completely reject global psychological theories
b) To apply universal scientific methods only
c) To bridge local and global perspectives by applying universal scientific methods to Filipino-specific questions
d) To solely focus on local practices without any global consideration
Answer: c) To bridge local and global perspectives by applying universal scientific methods to Filipino-specific questions
How does Sikolohiyang Pilipino aim to balance cultural pride and scientific rigor?
a) By completely disregarding Western scientific methods
b) By ensuring indigenous methods and concepts meet international standards
c) By focusing solely on traditional Filipino healing practices
d) By avoiding any international collaboration
Answer: b) By ensuring indigenous methods and concepts meet international standards
What role does Sikolohiyang Pilipino play in nation-building?
a) It focuses solely on theoretical psychological frameworks
b) It addresses national issues like poverty and mental health in culturally relevant ways
c) It avoids engagement with national issues
d) It focuses only on individual mental health issues
Answer: b) It addresses national issues like poverty and mental health in culturally relevant ways
What is one way Sikolohiyang Pilipino addresses the socio-political realities of the Philippines?
a) By focusing on individualistic psychological practices
b) By applying foreign psychological frameworks without modification
c) By adapting psychological theories to the collective nature of Filipino society
d) By promoting Western-centered therapeutic practices
Answer: c) By adapting psychological theories to the collective nature of Filipino society
What was a core aim of introducing Sikolohiyang Pilipino as a subject?
a) To teach students only Western psychological theories
b) To explore psychology from a culturally grounded Filipino perspective
c) To teach only individualistic practices
d) To promote globalization over local issues
Answer: b) To explore psychology from a culturally grounded Filipino perspective
How does Sikolohiyang Pilipino view the application of Western psychological methods?
a) They should be completely rejected in favor of indigenous practices
b) They should be critically tested and adapted for the Filipino context
c) They should be adopted without modification
d) They are irrelevant and unnecessary for Filipino psychology
Answer: b) They should be critically tested and adapted for the Filipino context
Which of the following is a key characteristic of the indigenous method of pagtatanong-tanong?
a) It focuses on quantitative data collection
b) It emphasizes formal surveys
c) It is informal and iterative, building rapport with participants
d) It uses experimental control groups
Answer: c) It is informal and iterative, building rapport with participants
Why is the validation of indigenous concepts crucial in Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) To maintain adherence to Western paradigms
b) To ensure that these concepts are scientifically credible and applicable in Filipino contexts
c) To reject Western psychological concepts altogether
d) To make these concepts universally applicable
Answer: b) To ensure that these concepts are scientifically credible and applicable in Filipino contexts
What does Sikolohiyang Pilipino prioritize in understanding Filipino psychology?
a) Only Western theories
b) Individualistic experiences over collective identity
c) The cultural and socio-political realities of Filipinos
d) Psychological practices that ignore local contexts
Answer: c) The cultural and socio-political realities of Filipinos
What is an important distinction Sikolohiyang Pilipino makes in its approach to psychology?
a) It seeks to follow Western frameworks without modification
b) It balances scientific methods with cultural relevance
c) It rejects science in favor of tradition
d) It focuses only on theoretical discussions without application
Answer: b) It balances scientific methods with cultural relevance
Which of the following best describes the core goal of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) To adopt all Western psychological models without change
b) To develop a psychology rooted in Filipino culture, values, and experiences
c) To focus on individual therapies and treatments only
d) To reject all foreign influences on Filipino psychology
Answer: b) To develop a psychology rooted in Filipino culture, values, and experiences
Who advanced the work of earlier pioneers like Bartolome in articulating the concepts and methods of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Teodoro Agoncillo
b) Ernesto Constantino
c) Rogelia Pe-Pua
d) Ma. Assumpta David
Answer: c) Rogelia Pe-Pua
What was the title of Rogelia Pe-Pua’s foundational work on Filipino psychology?
a) Sikolohiyang Pilipino: Kasaysayan at Pag-unlad
b) Sikolohiyang Pilipino: Teorya, Metodo at Gamit
c) Filipino Psychology: Perspectives and Practices
d) Pioneers in Filipino Psychology
Answer: b) Sikolohiyang Pilipino: Teorya, Metodo at Gamit
In what year was Sikolohiyang Pilipino: Teorya, Metodo at Gamit published?
a) 1980
b) 1982
c) 1985
d) 1990
Answer: b) 1982
Why was Pe-Pua’s book significant?
a) It was the first book published in Filipino
b) It consolidated scattered writings on Sikolohiyang Pilipino
c) It introduced Western psychological methods
d) It was the first book published in English
Answer: b) It consolidated scattered writings on Sikolohiyang Pilipino
What format was used in Pe-Pua’s anthology to reflect the linguistic reality of Philippine academia?
a) Filipino-only
b) English-only
c) Bilingual format (English and Filipino)
d) Tagalog-only
Answer: c) Bilingual format (English and Filipino)
Which scholar advocated for a pragmatic approach to linguistic borrowing in Filipino psychology?
a) Rogelia Pe-Pua
b) Ernesto Constantino
c) Zeus Salazar
d) Ma. Assumpta David
Answer: b) Ernesto Constantino
What did Constantino oppose in the development of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) The use of English
b) Excessive linguistic purism
c) The inclusion of foreign scholars
d) The use of Filipino in academic writing
Answer: b) Excessive linguistic purism
What was the general academic format of Sikolohiyang Pilipino literature before Pe-Pua’s anthology?
a) Official published books
b) Mimeographed articles
c) Research papers in journals
d) Conference proceedings
Answer: b) Mimeographed articles
How did Pe-Pua’s anthology contribute to the academic legitimacy of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) It was published in Filipino
b) It was published in English
c) It was printed and made formally available in academic circles
d) It was a short, pamphlet-style work
Answer: c) It was printed and made formally available in academic circles
Who published the book Sikolohiyang Pilipino: Isyu, Pananaw, at Kaalaman after Pe-Pua?
a) Marylou Onglatco and Rogelia Pe-Pua
b) Zeus Salazar and Ernesto Constantino
c) Fr. Allen Aganon and Sr. Ma. Assumpta David
d) Ma. Angeles Guanzon and Edilberto Tiempo
Answer: c) Fr. Allen Aganon and Sr. Ma. Assumpta David
What did Sikolohiyang Pilipino: Isyu, Pananaw, at Kaalaman add to Pe-Pua’s work?
a) It criticized Pe-Pua’s concepts
b) It addressed new issues, perspectives, and research
c) It focused only on theoretical aspects
d) It rejected the use of Filipino in academic writing
Answer: b) It addressed new issues, perspectives, and research
What is one of the key contributions of Mario San Buenaventura’s 1983 thesis?
a) He critiqued Western psychological theories
b) He wrote his thesis in English
c) He demonstrated that Filipino could be used for serious academic work
d) He introduced new psychological frameworks
Answer: c) He demonstrated that Filipino could be used for serious academic work
What field did Patricia de Peralta focus on in her research?
a) Filipino gender roles
b) Ilocano folk stories
c) The philosophy of Sikolohiyang Pilipino
d) Character and personality traits in Tagalog
Answer: b) Ilocano folk stories
Who wrote the thesis on Panukat ng Ugali at Pagkatao (Measure of Character and Personality)?
a) Rogelia Pe-Pua
b) Edilberto Tiempo
c) Ma. Angeles Guanzon
d) Teodor Agoncillo
Answer: c) Ma. Angeles Guanzon
What is Edilberto Tiempo’s concept of the “fourth colonization”?
a) The physical colonization of the Philippines
b) The internalized oppression of Filipinos by foreign values
c) The liberation from Western psychological theories
d) The continuation of Filipino cultural practices
Answer: b) The internalized oppression of Filipinos by foreign values
How did regionalism and language diversity in the Philippines contribute to Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) By limiting the study to one region
b) By emphasizing the richness of Filipino identity and culture
c) By focusing only on Tagalog culture
d) By isolating different ethnic groups
Answer: b) By emphasizing the richness of Filipino identity and culture
What role did foreign scholars play in the development of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) They were excluded from the discourse
b) They helped define the local Filipino identity
c) They emphasized the use of Western theories only
d) They helped make the field globally inclusive
Answer: d) They helped make the field globally inclusive
Which historian’s work in the book History of the Filipino People was criticized for its limited view on Filipino history?
a) Teodor Agoncillo
b) Zeus Salazar
c) Rogelia Pe-Pua
d) Ernesto Constantino
Answer: a) Teodor Agoncillo
What limitation did Agoncillo’s work highlight?
a) A focus only on the wealthy elite
b) An exclusion of marginalized Filipino groups
c) A focus only on Filipino culture
d) A focus only on economic issues
Answer: b) An exclusion of marginalized Filipino groups
How does Sikolohiyang Pilipino seek to address the limitations in Agoncillo’s history?
a) By rejecting historical studies
b) By advocating for the inclusion of indigenous perspectives and the experiences of all Filipinos
c) By focusing only on urban Filipino experiences
d) By focusing only on Filipinos abroad
Answer: b) By advocating for the inclusion of indigenous perspectives and the experiences of all Filipinos
What was the purpose of establishing the International Association for Filipino Psychology (IAFP) in 1990?
a) To promote Filipino-only psychological theories
b) To build global networks and promote a more inclusive understanding of Filipino identity
c) To reject Western psychology altogether
d) To make Filipino psychology a branch of global psychology
Answer: b) To build global networks and promote a more inclusive understanding of Filipino identity
What does Sikolohiyang Pilipino emphasize regarding Filipino identity?
a) It must be validated by external sources
b) It must come from within, rooted in indigenous culture and values
c) It should be influenced by Western values
d) It must be validated through global standards
Answer: b) It must come from within, rooted in indigenous culture and values
What gender issue did Filipino psychology address in the 1980s?
a) The rise of gender inequality in psychology
b) Gender equality and sexism, such as investigating Tagalog as a nonsexist language
c) The over-representation of male scholars
d) The rejection of female scholars in academic psychology
Answer: b) Gender equality and sexism, such as investigating Tagalog as a nonsexist language
What challenge did Filipino psychology pose to the traditional colonial order?
a) Rejecting academic rigor
b) Asserting the validity of Filipino perspectives in the field of psychology
c) Focusing solely on Western-trained scholars
d) Promoting only male psychologists
Answer: b) Asserting the validity of Filipino perspectives in the field of psychology
Who was the first non-American-trained Filipino psychologist to earn a PhD?
a) Elizabeth Ventura
b) Ma. Trinidad Crisanto
c) Evangeline Ortega
d) Rogelia Pe-Pua
Answer: b) Ma. Trinidad Crisanto
What kind of academic training does Sikolohiyang Pilipino support for Filipino psychologists?
a) Solely local training
b) A balance of local and international training
c) Only Western training
d) Only local training in Filipino
Answer: b) A balance of local and international training
What is the focus of Filipino psychology programs in terms of training?
a) To focus solely on Western theories
b) To prepare teachers to teach social sciences and psychology in Filipino, with a cultural and regional emphasis
c) To only train in urban settings
d) To focus only on individual-based psychological methods
Answer: b) To prepare teachers to teach social sciences and psychology in Filipino, with a cultural and regional emphasis
What was the significance of the translation of psychological texts into Filipino?
a) It was an effort to simplify psychology
b) It helped create a sourcebook essential for classroom use in Filipino psychology
c) It made psychology accessible to foreigners
d) It helped promote English as the primary academic language
Answer: b) It helped create a sourcebook essential for classroom use in Filipino psychology
What is one of the key areas covered in the training workshops for Filipino psychology?
a) Global psychological testing
b) Indigenous psychological testing and Philippine-oriented research methods
c) American psychological practices
d) Theoretical academic conferences
Answer: b) Indigenous psychological testing and Philippine-oriented research methods
What area of study did Edilberto Tiempo contribute to in Filipino psychology?
a) The philosophical basis of Filipino psychology
b) The study of indigenous cultural practices
c) The psychology of the Filipino family
d) The idea of the “fourth colonization”
Answer: d) The idea of the “fourth colonization”
Which language was used in the academic contributions of Filipino scholars, like Mario San Buenaventura, who were not from the Tagalog-speaking region?
a) English
b) Spanish
c) Filipino
d) Tagalog
Answer: c) Filipino
What region does Mario San Buenaventura hail from?
a) Ilocos
b) Bicol
c) Tagalog
d) Bikolnon
Answer: d) Bikolnon
What topic did Ma. Angeles Guanzon focus on in her thesis?
a) Filipino folklore
b) Filipino gender roles
c) Character and personality traits in Bikolano culture
d) Sikolohiyang Pilipino’s role in nation-building
Answer: c) Character and personality traits in Bikolano culture
What does the “fourth colonization” concept, as discussed by Edilberto Tiempo, refer to?
a) The dominance of Western powers over the Philippines
b) The internalized oppression and adherence to colonial values even after independence
c) The post-colonial revival of Filipino traditions
d) The revival of indigenous cultural practices
Answer: b) The internalized oppression and adherence to colonial values even after independence
What was one of the challenges that Filipino psychology faced in the 1980s, related to the educational system?
a) Over-reliance on locally trained psychologists
b) Gender inequality and sexism within the academic field
c) The dominance of foreign-trained, particularly American-trained, psychologists
d) Lack of research in indigenous psychology
Answer: c) The dominance of foreign-trained, particularly American-trained, psychologists
What role did Filipino female psychologists play in the 1980s?
a) They were largely excluded from leadership roles
b) They led many psychology departments and challenged male dominance in the field
c) They were primarily focused on teaching Western theories
d) They were limited to administrative roles
Answer: b) They led many psychology departments and challenged male dominance in the field
What was the first non-American-trained Filipino psychologist to earn a PhD?
a) Elizabeth Ventura
b) Ma. Trinidad Crisanto
c) Rogelia Pe-Pua
d) Evangeline Ortega
Answer: b) Ma. Trinidad Crisanto
What did Filipino psychology critique in terms of higher education?
a) Excessive reliance on European-trained psychologists
b) The focus on non-indigenous psychological theories
c) The overemphasis on local, non-academic traditions
d) Lack of support for indigenous values in teaching psychology
Answer: b) The focus on non-indigenous psychological theories
How did the international aspect of Filipino psychology evolve in the 1990s?
a) By becoming focused exclusively on local issues
b) By promoting only Tagalog-language research
c) Through the establishment of the International Association for Filipino Psychology (IAFP)
d) By rejecting foreign collaborations
Answer: c) Through the establishment of the International Association for Filipino Psychology (IAFP)
What did the IAFP aim to promote globally?
a) A universal theory of psychology
b) A more inclusive and authentic understanding of Filipino identity
c) The dominance of Western psychological practices
d) The exclusion of Filipino psychology from global discourse
Answer: b) A more inclusive and authentic understanding of Filipino identity
How does Sikolohiyang Pilipino view the source of Filipino identity?
a) It is validated only through Western recognition
b) It must come from within, rooted in indigenous culture and values
c) It should be derived from colonial history
d) It is irrelevant to the Filipino psychological context
Answer: b) It must come from within, rooted in indigenous culture and values
In Filipino psychology, how was Tagalog language viewed in terms of gender equality?
a) As inherently sexist
b) As neutral and nonsexist
c) As a tool to dominate women
d) As only useful for communication in the region
Answer: b) As neutral and nonsexist
What was one of the gender-related issues addressed by Filipino psychology research?
a) The portrayal of women in Western media
b) The challenges posed by the traditional colonial order, including the dominance of male scholars
c) The exclusion of men from psychology
d) The replacement of male psychologists with women
Answer: b) The challenges posed by the traditional colonial order, including the dominance of male scholars
What approach did Filipino psychology take to psychological theories from abroad?
a) Total rejection of foreign theories
b) Blind adoption of all Western theories
c) Critical testing of their universality and adapting them to the Filipino context
d) Adoption of only the most popular Western theories
Answer: c) Critical testing of their universality and adapting them to the Filipino context
How did the publication of Pe-Pua’s book in 1982 affect the credibility of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) It was initially rejected by mainstream academia
b) It solidified the legitimacy of the field by providing a formal, printed source for study
c) It caused controversy among Filipino scholars
d) It was only accepted in non-academic circles
Answer: b) It solidified the legitimacy of the field by providing a formal, printed source for study
Who wrote about the “Philosophical Basis of Sikolohiyang Pilipino” in 1983?
a) Rogelia Pe-Pua
b) Mario San Buenaventura
c) Patricia de Peralta
d) Ma. Angeles Guanzon
Answer: b) Mario San Buenaventura
What is the significance of regionalism in Filipino psychology?
a) It was seen as a barrier to academic progress
b) It contributed to a richer national culture and a more nuanced understanding of Filipino identity
c) It encouraged the dominance of one ethnic group
d) It restricted the use of Filipino in academic work
Answer: b) It contributed to a richer national culture and a more nuanced understanding of Filipino identity
What is the primary focus of Sikolohiyang Pilipino in terms of societal issues?
a) The globalization of psychology
b) Bridging the gap between Filipino cultural values and global psychological theories
c) Addressing national issues, such as poverty and mental health, in ways that resonate with Filipino experiences
d) Rejecting all Western ideas about mental health
Answer: c) Addressing national issues, such as poverty and mental health, in ways that resonate with Filipino experiences
Which Filipino scholar researched Ilocano folk stories to contribute to Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Ma. Angeles Guanzon
b) Patricia de Peralta
c) Rogelia Pe-Pua
d) Mario San Buenaventura
Answer: b) Patricia de Peralta
What does Sikolohiyang Pilipino assert about the Filipino language in academic and cultural contexts?
a) It should be used only by Tagalogs
b) It should be abandoned in favor of English
c) It should be used to represent the diverse ethnic groups in the Philippines
d) It should be used exclusively in oral traditions
Answer: c) It should be used to represent the diverse ethnic groups in the Philippines
What was the significance of translating psychological texts from English to Filipino?
a) To make Filipino psychology more accessible and relevant to the local context
b) To keep Filipino psychology isolated from global discussions
c) To limit the use of Western psychological theories
d) To focus on theoretical aspects only
Answer: a) To make Filipino psychology more accessible and relevant to the local context
Which psychological approach was critiqued for not being relevant to the Filipino context, according to Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Cognitive-behavioral therapy
b) Freud’s psychoanalysis
c) Skinner’s behaviorism
d) Carl Rogers’ person-centered therapy
Answer: c) Skinner’s behaviorism
What was one of the key issues highlighted by Filipino psychology in the 1980s?
a) The need to focus on global psychological trends
b) The importance of gender equality and representation in psychological research
c) The rejection of any non-Western psychological frameworks
d) The push to eliminate regional diversity in Filipino psychology
Answer: b) The importance of gender equality and representation in psychological research
How did Filipino psychology contribute to the understanding of Filipino mental health?
a) By adopting Western psychological frameworks without modification
b) By addressing local mental health needs, such as community-based solutions and poverty-related issues
c) By focusing solely on individual mental health issues
d) By emphasizing Western mental health practices
Answer: b) By addressing local mental health needs, such as community-based solutions and poverty-related issues
How did Filipino scholars challenge the traditional view of the Filipino language in academic settings?
a) They only used Tagalog for academic work
b) They demonstrated that Filipino could be used for serious academic contributions, including by non-Tagalogs
c) They rejected the use of any regional languages
d) They promoted English as the primary language for all academic work
Answer: b) They demonstrated that Filipino could be used for serious academic contributions, including by non-Tagalogs
What was a critical element of Sikolohiyang Pilipino’s approach to psychology?
a) Emphasizing the universality of Western psychological theories
b) Rejecting Western psychological theories completely
c) Integrating indigenous Filipino concepts and values into psychological practice
d) Focusing only on theoretical research
Answer: c) Integrating indigenous Filipino concepts and values into psychological practice
What does the term “Kapwa” mean in Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Individual self-realization
b) Shared identity and collective self
c) Personal achievement
d) Self-awareness in isolation
Answer: b) Shared identity and collective self
What cultural concept does “Pakiramdam” refer to in Filipino psychology?
a) Shared responsibility
b) Sensitivity to others’ feelings and unspoken cues
c) Independent thinking
d) Rational decision-making
Answer: b) Sensitivity to others’ feelings and unspoken cues
What was one of the main critiques of Western psychological theories in the context of Filipino psychology?
a) They are too localized
b) They focus on universal laws without considering Filipino cultural differences
c) They emphasize emotional repression
d) They advocate for the rejection of emotions in therapy
Answer: b) They focus on universal laws without considering Filipino cultural differences
What is one key characteristic of the methods used in Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a) Rigid experimental protocols
b) A strict adherence to Western research methods
c) A focus on culturally aligned, informal, iterative questioning
d) Exclusively quantitative data collection methods
Answer: c) A focus on culturally aligned, informal, iterative questioning
Which year was Sikolohiyang Pilipino first offered at the University of the Philippines?
a) 1970
b) 1975
c) 1978
d) 1980
Answer: c) 1978
What misconception did students initially have about Sikolohiyang Pilipino when it was first introduced?
a) They expected ready-made answers about Filipino psychology
b) They thought it was just about indigenous rituals
c) They believed it would focus only on Western psychology
d) They assumed it would replace Western psychology completely
Answer: a) They expected ready-made answers about Filipino psychology
What challenge did Dr. Patricia Licuanan highlight in relation to the decolonization movement in psychology?
a) The failure of Sikolohiyang Pilipino to gain academic recognition
b) A focus on decolonization that does not directly address economic struggles like poverty
c) The overemphasis on Western psychological theories
d) The disregard for Filipino traditional practices
Answer: b) A focus on decolonization that does not directly address economic struggles like poverty
Which concept in Filipino psychology emphasizes interconnectedness and collective identity?
a) Pakiramdam
b) Kapwa
c) Bayanihan
d) Malasakit
Answer: b) Kapwa
In the development of Sikolohiyang Pilipino, what was prioritized to ensure its scientific credibility?
a) The complete rejection of Western theories
b) Identifying and validating culturally relevant Filipino psychological concepts
c) The reliance on experimental methodologies
d) Focusing on economic theories of development
Answer: b) Identifying and validating culturally relevant Filipino psychological concepts
Which method in Filipino psychology contrasts with rigid Western survey methods?
a) Pagtatanong-tanong
b) Statistical analysis
c) Experimental observation
d) Hypothesis testing
Answer: a) Pagtatanong-tanong
What did Pe-Pua’s anthology Sikolohiyang Pilipino: Teorya, Metodo at Gamit (1982) accomplish in Filipino psychology?
a) It provided the first formal book to introduce Western psychological methods
b) It bridged the gap between Filipino culture and Western psychology
c) It consolidated and formalized the scattered writings on Filipino psychology
d) It promoted the adoption of purely Western psychological theories
Answer: c) It consolidated and formalized the scattered writings on Filipino psychology
What linguistic approach did Ernesto Constantino advocate in the development of Filipino psychology?
a) Strictly using Filipino without borrowing terms from English
b) A rigid separation between Filipino and English terms
c) A pragmatic approach to borrowing from English when necessary
d) The exclusive use of English for all academic work
Answer: c) A pragmatic approach to borrowing from English when necessary
What was a major limitation of the early writings on Sikolohiyang Pilipino before Pe-Pua’s anthology?
a) They were too theoretical and lacked practical applications
b) They were mostly written in foreign languages and not accessible to local scholars
c) They were largely informal mimeographed articles with limited academic credibility
d) They focused too heavily on Western theories without critique
Answer: c) They were largely informal mimeographed articles with limited academic credibility
What is one of the major themes in the book “Sikolohiyang Pilipino: Isyu, Pananaw, at Kaalaman” by Aganon and David?
a) An introduction to Western psychological theories
b) A critique of the Filipino language in academia
c) The exploration of new issues, perspectives, and research in Filipino psychology
d) The historical development of psychology in the Philippines
Answer: c) The exploration of new issues, perspectives, and research in Filipino psychology
What did the 1983 thesis by Mario San Buenaventura contribute to Filipino psychology?
a) A critique of Western psychological methods
b) An exploration of the philosophical foundations of Sikolohiyang Pilipino, written in Filipino
c) A detailed survey of Filipino folk tales and myths
d) An analysis of the impact of colonialism on Filipino psychological practices
Answer: b) An exploration of the philosophical foundations of Sikolohiyang Pilipino, written in Filipino
Who contributed to Sikolohiyang Pilipino by researching Ilocano folk stories?
a) Rogelia Pe-Pua
b) Ma. Angeles Guanzon
c) Mario San Buenaventura
d) Patricia de Peralta
Answer: d) Patricia de Peralta
What region does Ma. Angeles Guanzon hail from?
a) Ilocos
b) Bicol
c) Tagalog
d) Visayas
Answer: b) Bicol
What aspect of Filipino psychology did Edilberto Tiempo discuss with his idea of the “fourth colonization”?
a) The importance of rejecting Western educational systems
b) The psychological and cultural domination even after independence
c) The revival of Filipino traditions through Western education
d) The colonization of Filipino culture by indigenous traditions
Answer: b) The psychological and cultural domination even after independence
What role did regionalism play in Filipino psychology?
a) It limited the development of a national identity
b) It contributed to a richer national culture and fine distinctions of Filipino identity
c) It promoted the dominance of one ethnic group
d) It isolated Filipino psychology from global discourse
Answer: b) It contributed to a richer national culture and fine distinctions of Filipino identity
What was the purpose of the International Association for Filipino Psychology (IAFP)?
a) To promote Western psychological methods in the Philippines
b) To build global networks and promote a more inclusive understanding of Filipino identity
c) To reject any foreign influence in Filipino psychology
d) To create an exclusive Filipino psychological framework
Answer: b) To build global networks and promote a more inclusive understanding of Filipino identity
What is the main critique of historical works like Teodoro Agoncillo’s “History of the Filipino People” in relation to Filipino psychology?
a) They focus too much on Western influences
b) They overlook the experiences of Filipinos abroad and indigenous groups
c) They emphasize the role of colonial powers in shaping Filipino identity
d) They exclude Filipino contributions to global psychological discussions
Answer: b) They overlook the experiences of Filipinos abroad and indigenous groups
What does Sikolohiyang Pilipino emphasize about Filipino identity?
a) It is defined only by colonial history
b) It should come from external validation rather than indigenous values
c) It must come from within, rooted in indigenous culture and values
d) It should be a mix of both Western and indigenous values
Answer: c) It must come from within, rooted in indigenous culture and values
How does Filipino psychology address issues of gender inequality?
a) By excluding discussions of gender from its frameworks
b) By focusing solely on women’s experiences in the Philippines
c) Through research, such as Estrada’s study on Tagalog as a nonsexist language
d) By adopting Western gender theories without modification
Answer: c) Through research, such as Estrada’s study on Tagalog as a nonsexist language
Which of the following is an example of a Filipino psychologist challenging foreign-dominated education?
a) Ma. Trinidad Crisanto’s PhD earned in France
b) Elizabeth Ventura’s leadership in Filipino psychology departments
c) Rogelia Pe-Pua’s advocacy for Sikolohiyang Pilipino
d) The translation of Western psychology texts into Filipino
Answer: a) Ma. Trinidad Crisanto’s PhD earned in France
What did the Filipino psychology movement critique about American-trained psychologists in the Philippines?
a) Their lack of knowledge about Filipino culture
b) Their rejection of Western psychological theories
c) Their dominance over local, native scholars
d) Their failure to address gender issues in psychology
Answer: c) Their dominance over local, native scholars
What is one significant outcome of the translation of psychological texts into Filipino?
a) It isolated Filipino psychology from global trends
b) It provided essential resources for developing formal training programs in Filipino psychology
c) It led to the rejection of English as a scholarly language
d) It diminished the role of Filipino culture in psychology
Answer: b) It provided essential resources for developing formal training programs in Filipino psychology
What does Filipino psychology emphasize about psychological testing?
a) It should follow the methods used in Western countries
b) It should be focused on individual rather than community-based approaches
c) It must be aligned with indigenous Filipino cultural contexts
d) It is irrelevant in Filipino mental health
Answer: c) It must be aligned with indigenous Filipino cultural contexts
Which psychological concept in Sikolohiyang Pilipino involves shared perception and sensitivity to others’ feelings?
a) Kapwa
b) Pakiramdam
c) Bayanihan
d) Altruismo
Answer: b) Pakiramdam
How did Filipino psychology address issues of local empowerment in the field of psychology?
a) By only focusing on theoretical knowledge
b) By empowering locally trained Filipino psychologists and rejecting foreign-trained psychologists
c) By promoting Western-trained psychologists in leadership positions
d) By limiting the field to only Filipino theories
Answer: b) By empowering locally trained Filipino psychologists and rejecting foreign-trained psychologists
