Chapter 4 Hormones Flashcards
What are hormones?
Hormones are chemical messengers produced by glands in the endocrine system that regulate various physiological processes.
True or False: Hormones only affect the organs where they are produced.
False: Hormones can affect distant organs and tissues throughout the body.
Fill in the blank: The _____ gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism and energy levels.
thyroid
What is the primary function of insulin?
Insulin helps regulate blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells.
Multiple Choice: Which hormone is primarily responsible for the ‘fight or flight’ response? A) Insulin B) Cortisol C) Estrogen
B) Cortisol
What role do sex hormones play in the body?
Sex hormones, such as estrogen and testosterone, regulate reproductive functions and secondary sexual characteristics.
True or False: Hormonal imbalances can lead to skin issues.
True: Hormonal imbalances can cause acne, dryness, and other skin conditions.
Fill in the blank: The _____ gland is known as the ‘master gland’ because it regulates other endocrine glands.
pituitary
What is the effect of cortisol on the body during stress?
Cortisol increases blood sugar levels, suppresses the immune system, and aids in metabolism.
Multiple Choice: Which hormone is involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle? A) Testosterone B) Progesterone C) Adrenaline
B) Progesterone
What is the function of thyroid hormones?
Thyroid hormones regulate metabolism, growth, and development.
True or False: Estrogen is the only hormone that affects female reproductive health.
False: Other hormones like progesterone and luteinizing hormone also play significant roles.
Fill in the blank: The _____ hormone is critical for water balance in the body.
antidiuretic
What is the primary role of adrenaline?
Adrenaline prepares the body for quick action during stressful situations.
Multiple Choice: Which hormone is primarily associated with the regulation of sleep? A) Melatonin B) Serotonin C) Cortisol
A) Melatonin
What are androgens?
Androgens are male sex hormones, such as testosterone, that influence male traits and reproductive activity.
True or False: Hormones can only be produced in the endocrine glands.
False: Hormones can also be produced in other tissues.
Fill in the blank: The _____ system is responsible for the production and release of hormones.
endocrine
What is the function of growth hormone?
Growth hormone stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration.
Multiple Choice: Which hormone helps regulate calcium levels in the blood? A) Parathyroid hormone B) Insulin C) Testosterone
A) Parathyroid hormone
What is the relationship between hormones and skin health?
Hormones can influence skin conditions like acne, pigmentation, and aging.
True or False: Hormonal changes only occur during puberty.
False: Hormonal changes can occur at various life stages, including pregnancy and menopause.
Fill in the blank: The _____ gland produces hormones that regulate stress responses.
adrenal
What is the role of leptin?
Leptin helps regulate energy balance by inhibiting hunger.
Multiple Choice: Which hormone is associated with the body’s circadian rhythm? A) Cortisol B) Estrogen C) Progesterone
A) Cortisol
What effect do hormonal contraceptives have on the menstrual cycle?
They regulate or suppress ovulation and can alter menstrual flow.
