Chapter 4: Growth & Health

Question 1

advantages to breast feeding

Answer 1

• tend to be healthier
• get diarrhea less often
• make transition of solid foods more easily
• almost impossible to contaminate breast milk

Question 2

physical growth is particularly rapid during infancy and _____

Answer 2

adolescence

Question 3

sleep is essential for normal growth because this is when most ____ is secreted

Answer 3

growth hormone

Question 4

breast feeding has many advantages for infants, including protecting from disease (through mothers antibodies), reducing cases of diarrhea and constipation, easing the transition to solid foods and ____

Answer 4

avoiding contamination, which can be a significant problem with bottle feeding in developing countries

Question 5

role of the environment in triggering puberty is shown by cross-national comparisons, by historical data, and by the impact of ___ on the onset of puberty in girls

Answer 5

social environment (in particular, as stressful environment)

Question 6

maturing early often has harmful consequences for ____

Answer 6

girls

Question 7

to break the viscous cycle of malnutrition, children need an improved diet and ____

Answer 7

parental education that teaches parents how to foster their children’s development

Question 8

adolescents afflicted with ___ alternate between binge eating and purging themselves

Answer 8

bulimia nervosa

Question 9

one reason why obese children overeat is that they pay more attention to ___ cues to eating

Answer 9

external

Question 10

Integrated Management of Childhood Illness attempts to combat childhood diseases by improving skills of healthcare professionals, improving healthcare systems so that they are more responsive to childhood diseases, and ____

Answer 10

changing family and community practices to prevent illness (e.g. having children sleep under mosquito netting)

Question 11

____ are leading cause of death for North American adolescents

Answer 11

motor-vehicle accidents

Question 12

the ____ is part of the neuron that contains the biological machinery that keeps us alive

Answer 12

cell body

Question 13

during prenatal development and continuing into childhood and adolescence, axons of nerve cells acquire myelin, a fatty wrap that allows neurons to ____

Answer 13

transmit information more rapidly

Question 14

with development, brain systems become more specialized, in that the smaller brain regions become activated and _____

Answer 14

more specific stimuli trigger brain activity

Question 15

in ___ growth, a developing brain depends upon environmental stimulation to fine-tune neural circuits

Answer 15

experience-expectant

Question 16

a developing brain is more plastic than a mature brain, which means that following injury a developing brain ____

Answer 16

is more likely to recover