Chapter 4 Grammar Flashcards
What is one easy way to change a statement into a question?
1) add a question mark
2) signal a question by adding -ne to the end of the first word in the sentence
e.g. agricolane nautam audit?
Does the farmer listen to the sailor?
In Latin, if the question is introduced with “nonne,” it is assuming. . .
an affirmative answer
In Latin, if the question is introduced with “num,” it is assuming. . .
a negative answer
Translate: nonne agricola nautam videt?
Doesn’t the farmer see the sailor?
Expected answer: videt
Translate: num agricola nautam videt?
The farmer doesn’t see the sailor, does he?
Expected answer: non videt
What do we call this type of question (not formally):
“Do you see the sailor or the farmer?”
a “double” question
How are double questions introduced?
The first part is introduced using -ne, or utrum
The second part of the double question must be introduced using “an” or “anne”
What particle do we use for a question like “Do you see the sailor of not?” where the answer may be YES or NO
the particle “annon”
nautam(ne) vides annon
possible answers: video, OR non video
WHY
cur
WHEN
quando
How
quomodo
Where
ubi
Why don’t you need to add “-ne” etc. to words such as cur, quando, quomodo, and ubi?
They are already interrogative
cur
why
quando
when
quomodo
how
ubi
where
Present tenses of the verb “sum”
sum = I am
sum
es
est
sumus
estis
sunt
Future tenses of the verb “sum”
sum = I am
ero
eris
erit
erimus
eritis
erunt
Imperfect tenses of the verb “sum”
sum = I am
eram
eras
erat
eramus
eratis
erant
Present infinitive of “sum”
esse
What are the imperative forms of “sum”
es or esto
este or estote
What are the 3 principal parts of the verb “I am”
sum
esse
fui
“sum” does not take a direct object. What does it take instead?
- it takes a predicate
- e.g. The poet will be a pirate –> poeta pirata erit
BOTH poeta and pirata are in the nominative case
possum
I am able, I can
a comound of the adjective “potis” (able) & “sum”
Present tense for “possum”
possum
potes
potest
possumus
potestis
possunt
Future tense of “possum”
potero
poteris
poterit
poterimus
poteritis
poterunt
Imperfect tense of “possum”
poteram
poteras
poterat
poteramus
poteratis
poterant
What is the present infinitve of “possum”?
posse
What are the 3 principal parts of “possum”?
possum
posse
potui
Like debeo, possum usually takes an. . .
infinitive
eo
I go
Present tense of the verb “eo”
eo
īs
it
imus
itis
eunt
Future tense of the verb “eo”
I go
ibo
ibis
ibit
ibimus
ibitis
ibunt
Imperfect tense of the verb “eo”
ibam
ibas
ibat
ibamus
ibatis
ibant
What is the present infinitive of the verb eo?
ire
What are the imperatives of eo?
i
ite
What are the principal parts of eo?
eo
ire
iī (ivi)
itum
What is the present active indicative of the verb fero?
I carry
1st sing. ferō
2nd sing. fers
3rd sing. fert
1st pl. ferimus
2nd pl. fertis
3rd pl. ferunt
What is the present infinitive of fero?
ferre
What are the imperatives of fero?
fer
ferte
What are the principal parts of the verb fero?
fero
ferre
tuli
latum
