Chapter 4 - Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Question 1

Behaviour

Answer 1

An organisms action to response to some stimuli (external or internal)

Question 2

Evolution

Answer 2

Change in heritable traits in a population over time.

Question 3

Natural Selection

Answer 3

The process in which evolution occurs. Survival of the fittest.

Question 4

Gene

Answer 4

Strands of DNA. Basic unit of heredity (blueprint)

Question 5

Heredity

Answer 5

Traits that are passed on.

Question 6

DNA

Answer 6

Chemical substance containing nucleotides (bases)

Question 7

What are the four nucleotides of DNA?

Answer 7

Adenine (a)
Thymine (t)
Guanine (g)
Cytosine (c)

Question 8

What are the nucleotide pairings?

Answer 8

Adenine (a) and Thymine (t)

Guanine (g) and Cytosine (c)

Question 9

Genome

Answer 9

Complete set of genetic material for an organism.

Question 10

RNA

Answer 10

Similar to DNA, creating when genes are expressed.

Question 11

Amino Acids

Answer 11

Building blocks of life.

Question 12

Genotype

Answer 12

Specific genetic makeup. What genes you have. Determines phenotype.

Question 13

Phenotype

Answer 13

The observable characteristics due to genetic makeup. The genes that you can see (ex. blue eyes). Is determined by genotype.

Question 14

How related is an individual to different family members? (parent, grandparent, cousins, identical twins, fraternal twins, siblings, half-siblings)

Answer 14

Parent = 50%
Grandparent = 25%
Cousins = 12.5%
Identical Twins = 100%
Fraternal Twins = 50%
Siblings = 50%
Half-Siblings = 25%

Question 15

Dominant Gene

Answer 15

Will be seen.

Question 16

Recessive Gene

Answer 16

Will not be seen.

Question 17

Allele

Answer 17

Single gene, one part of the genotype.

Question 18

Homozygous