Chapter 4 Enzymes and Cellular Respiration Flashcards
Bioenergetics
The study of how cells are able to conserve energy
Exergonic Reaction
A reaction that releases energy and has its products with less energy than its reactants
Endergonic Reaction
This is a reaction that absorbs energy and its products have more energy than its reactants
Activation Energy
The energy needed to start a reaction
Enzyme Specificity
When one enzyme catalyzes one specific reation
Induced fit
When the substrates bind to the enzyme, the enzyme changes shape to fit around them
Cofactors
Inorganic elements that helped to catalyze the reactions
Denaturing Enzymes
In extreme temperatures and extreme pH’s, many enzymes can be denatured
Allosteric Inhibition
A region of the enzyme other than the active site in which a substance can bind
Allosteric Regulators
Substances that can inhibit or activate enzymes
Allosteric Inhibitor
Bind to the allosteric region and places the enzyme in an inactive form
Feedback inhibition
Formation of the end product inhibits the earlier reactions
Competitive Inhibition
When another substance can bind to the active site thereby competing with the substrate to inactivate the enzyme
non-competitive inhibition
when a substance binds to a region other than the active site and changes the enzyme to the inactive form
First Law of Thermodynamics
Energy cannot be created nor destroyed