Chapter 4- Design & Innovation

Question 1

The innovation formula

Answer 1

= Theoretical conception + technical invention + commercial exploitation

Question 2

What is the difference between creativity and innovation ?

What connects them?

Answer 2

Creativity is the generation of new ideas
Innovation is the successful exploitation of new ideas
Design links the two

Question 3

What are the types of innovation ?

Answer 3

Commercial/marketing innovation
Organisation and market innovation
Process innovation
Product innovation

Question 4

Commercial / market innovation

Answer 4

Development of new financing/branding activities

Question 5

Organisational and management innovation

Answer 5

Development of new business models

Question 6

Process innovation

Answer 6

Development of new production or delivery method

Question 7

Process innovation

Answer 7

Development of new or improved g and/or s

Question 8

Product innovation

Answer 8

Development of a new or improved good and/or service

Question 9

What are leadership competencies

Answer 9

Leadership skills and behaviours that contribute to superior performance

Question 10

What is the democratisation of innovation?

Answer 10

The expectation of employees to engage in innovation, no longer restricted to R and D

Question 11

What are ‘t shaped’ people?

Answer 11

People with deep expertise in one are but are actively acquiring knowledge in other areas

Question 12

Characteristics of innovative companies

What benefits can be gained from studying them?

Answer 12

Most innovative companies aren’t that well know outside their sector but worth knowing everything about
Studying innovative companies in every sector will help to learn and borrow insights

Question 13

Innovators dna
(Graphic)
What subheadings under Courage to innovate?

Answer 13

• Challenging the status quo

- Taking risks

Question 14

Innovators DNA- subheadings under behavioural skills

Answer 14

Stranding from challenging the status quo:
-Questioning 
-Observing 
-Networking 
From taking risks
-experimenting

Question 15

What are the cognitive skills required to synthesise novel inputs?
The final output ?

Answer 15

Associated thinking

An innovative business idea

Question 16

Questioning skill

Answer 16

What is? 
What caused ? 
Why?
Why not? 
What if ? (To impose constraints and to eliminate them)

Question 17

How do you develop questioning skill?

Answer 17

• Engage in question storming
• cultivate question thinking
• check q/a ratio
• keep q centred notebook

Question 18

The observing skill

Answer 18

-Customers have jobs that need to be done
Customers hire products or services to do these jobs
Framework for observing : look for the job and a better way to do it
Innovators actively watch consumers to see what products they hire to do what jobs
Surprises and anomalies matter
Observe in
New environments

Question 19

Example of observing skill

Answer 19

Steve jobs recognised the invention of WIMP (windows icons menus and pointers) by xerox but in a small capacity
Implemented into apple technology

Question 20

The experimenting skill

Answer 20

• Gives data about what might work in the future
• Other skills save you time with experimenting
• Best differentiator of innovator vs non innovators

Question 21

3 ways of experimenting

Answer 21

Try out new experience
Take apart products
Take ideas through pilots and prototypes

Question 22

Example of experimenting

Answer 22

Michael dell, took apart a $3000 computer when he was 13. He saw $600 worth of components
Helped him develop cheaper computers

Question 23

How to develop the experimenting skill ?

Answer 23

• Cross physical and intellectual borders
• Disassemble a product
• Build prototypes
• Develop new skills
• Trend spotting

Question 24

Networking skill

Answer 24

• Idea network (innovators)vs resource networks (CEOs)
• Meet people of different educational backgrounds, countries, ages, ethnicities
• be interesting
• Let people know you’re interested in their ideas

Question 25

Example of networking

Answer 25

• Founder of xango spoke to local people about treatments for illness, discovered a fruit mango steam.
• found out about an element in the fruit that has medical benefits and utilised this to start a company

Question 26

Developing the network skill

Answer 26

• expand the diversity of your network, new opinions breakdown bias’s
• start a ‘mealtime networking’ plan
• attend conferences
• cross-train with experts

Question 27

Associating skill

Answer 27

Ideas occur at intersection between diverse disciplines

Innovative thinkers connect fields

Fresh inputs trigger associations that lead to novel ideas and connections

Question 28

Example of associating skill

Answer 28

Unilever, trained women who were the focal points of the social networks in Indian villages and gave them micro finance. Made them entrepreneurs
Dyson airblade- combined technologies
Straw bale council housing
Electricity and flying

Question 29

Development of associating skill

Answer 29

Force new associations

Take on persona of a different company

Generate metaphors

Question 30

Innovation push

Answer 30

A new discovery/ invention is made

Applications for the invention are then determined afterwards

Delivery of invention to

An example is graphene, where applications for the material are being discovered eg. In high efficiency light bulbs

Question 31

Market pull

Answer 31

A gap in the market is recognised/ defined

Research is carried out

Innovation created

Eg. Commercial aircraft - small tweaks are made in a well established market