Chapter 4 - Culture Flashcards
What is culture?
It is a group of learned behavior patterns that are characteristic of members of a society
What is material culture?
It includes things such as sport, clothing, etc.
What is nonmaterial culture?
It includes beliefs, practices, etc.
What is popular culture?
It includes large, heterogeneous populations that experience quickly changing cultural traits (techno music culture)
What is folk culture?
It includes small, homogeneous, rural populations
What is local culture?
It is a group of people in a place who see themselves as a community and share their customs and traits
Why is local culture typically used instead of folk culture?
It is less limiting as opposed to folk culture, where one would have to see if a culture has the classifications to be folk culture
What is hierarchical diffusion?
It is the spreading of a trend from one key node to other people or places
What is contagious diffusion?
It is the fast spread of a trend throughout an entire population (acronym such as LOL, which previously did not exist)
What is the hearth?
It is the point of origin for a trend or culture
What is assimilation?
It is the process of assimilating a culture into the dominant culture
What is a custom?
It is a practice that people routinely follow
What is cultural appropriation?
It is the process by which other cultures acquire a particular culture’s traditions for their own benefit (private companies using traditional medicine to gain money)
What is neolocalism?
It is seeking out one’s original culture and reinvigorating it (Lindsborg, AKA Little Sweden, Kansas)
What is an ethnic neighborhood?
It is a neighborhood where people are able to maintain their local cultures in an urban environment (Jews in Brooklyn)
What is commodification?
It is the process by which something that was not previously regarded as a commodity to become something to be bought, sold, and traded
What is authenticity?
It is the image of what a culture should be (people expecting to see moose and maple syrup in Canada)
What is distance decay?
It is the concept of a trend taking time to diffuse through long distances
How is distance decay becoming nonexistent?
Globalization and technology have made it so that the location of a hearth no longer dictates how long it will take for a trend to diffuse
What is time-space compression?
It explains how quickly trends and innovations diffuse. It says that the likelihood of diffusion depends on the connectedness of a place
What is cultural landscape?
It is the imprint of human activity on the landscape (what shops one sees while driving down the street)
What is placelessness?
It is the loss of unique cultural landscapes (one place looking like the next)
What is the global-local continuum?
It is the idea that what happens on one scale has an effect on what happens at other scales
What is glocalization?
It is the process by which people in a local place alter regional, national, and global processes
What is a folk housing region?
It is a region where the housing style reflects the local culture (three different housing types)
What are the three different housing types?
New England house (large, fireplace in center because of colder climate), Middle Atlantic (long house with fireplace not in middle because of warmer climate), Southern Tidewater (one story raised because of warm climate, modest incomes)
What are diffusion routes?
They are the routes upon which trends spread
