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Design And Technology > Chapter 4- Common Specialist Technique Principled > Flashcards

Chapter 4- Common Specialist Technique Principled Flashcards

1
Q

What is a static load?

A

A load that can’t move

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2
Q

What is a dynamic load?

A

A load that can move

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3
Q

When does tension occur?

A

When a pulling force is exerted on each side of the material

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4
Q

What is tensile strength?

A

Ability of a material to resist being pulled apart

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5
Q

When does compression occur?

A

When a pushing force is applied at either end of the material

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6
Q

What is compressive strength?

A

The ability of a material to resist being compressed or squashed

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7
Q

When does torsion occur

A

When a material is being twisted, 2 ends of the material rotate in opposite directions

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8
Q

What is torsional strength?

A

Ability of a material to resist being twisted out of shape

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9
Q

When does bending occur?

A

Both tension + compression act on either side of the material

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10
Q

What is stiffness?

A

The ability of a material to resist being bent out of shape

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11
Q

What is a shear force?

A

Force that acts on material in a direction perpendicular to it’s length

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12
Q

How can you reinforce a material?

A
  • Reinforced concrete- made of concrete + steel for good strength
  • Denim jeans + jackets have small metal rivets in places, these are places where lots of fabric needs to be stitched together this more strength is needed to hold it together
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13
Q

What is a composite material?

A

Combining 2 or more materials permanently

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14
Q

What is webbing

A

A strong fabric woven into yarns, often made form synthetic fibres. Used for belts

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15
Q

How can you stiffen materials?

A
  • Laminating
  • Interfacing- used to stiffen fabric
  • Folding + bending used to improve mechanical + physical properties of a material
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16
Q

Explain how to laminate materials?

A
  • Involves bonding 2 or more materials to improve a product strength, stability + flexibility
  • Laminate paper with plastic to make waterproof
  • Laminate wood: use a former + mould to shape material, lots of layers of wood compressed together with a clamp
17
Q

Explain fabric interfacing

A
  • Used in textile garments
  • Used for extra structure shape + support
  • Fusible + sew in
  • Fusible is iron on( heat needed to fuse material)
  • Sew in sandwiches layers together
18
Q

What’s a net?

A
  • Flat 2D shape
  • Cut- lines ( you cut them out)
  • Score lines is where you fold
19
Q

What is carbon footprint?

A

The amount of CO2 emitted during a process of making something is carbon footprint

20
Q

What is ecological footprint?

A

Measured impact on person’s life on the environment

21
Q

What is social footprint?

A

Measure of the impact that a company has on it’s employees, partners / society as a whole

22
Q

What is the health and safety executive?

A

An organisation that looks after the well-being of employees

Eg. Fair trade

23
Q

What is deforestation + explain what slash and burn is?

A
  • Killing of trees

- S+B is a technique of converting a forest into a farmland, trees are felled + set alight

24
Q

What is desertification?

A

When land dries out+ no longer able to support vegetation

25
Q

What is mining?

A
  • Helps gather primary needs

- Surface + underground mining

26
Q

What is drilling used for?

A

Extracting shale gas by creating a borehole

27
Q

Explain what product miles is?

A

The journey a material travels

Part of the lifecycle assessment

28
Q

What are the six Rs form best to worst

A
  • Refuse
  • Rethink
  • Reduce
  • Reuse
  • Repair
  • Recycle
29
Q

What is refuse?

A

Asking the question ‘Is this necessary?’ Saves 100% of what you have chosen not to buy

30
Q

What is rethink?

A

Deciding on the sustainability of the product

31
Q

What is reduce?

A
  • Reduce carbon emission

- Miniaturisation ( saving material)

32
Q

What is reusing?

A
  • Primary recycling is using the product multiple times for the same purpose
  • Reusing the product in a different way is secondary recycling
  • ‘Upcycling material’ is extending the product lifespan by coating etc
33
Q

What is repair?

A

Repair a product is extending it’s lifetime + designers must take into account. Planned obsolescence

34
Q

What is recycle?

A
  • Tertiary recycling not very useful

- Materials lose some of their qualities / low quality material produced

35
Q

What are one-off production?

A

Customised items

36
Q

What is batch production?

A

When a certain number of identical products are required, produced together. High levels of automation

37
Q

What is mass production?

A
  • Items that are in constant use

- High skill technicians needed

38
Q

What is continuous Production?

A
  • Similar to mass production
  • 24/7 factory
  • Makes in limited range of products

Design And Technology (9 decks)

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