Chapter 4: Birth and the Newborn

Question 1

Braxton Hicks

Answer 1

irregular contractions that are similar to going into labor but aren’t labor contractions

Question 2

induce labor

Answer 2

doctor goes in and breaks amniotic sac; all fluid comes pouring out and woman will spontaneously go into labor (may not work)

Question 3

pitocin

Answer 3

drug that functions like oxytocin to stimulate contractions

Question 4

labor

Answer 4

the process for delivering the baby

Question 5

dilation

Answer 5

uterus begins to contract and woman beings to push down on the baby; cervix gradually begins to open or dilate

Question 6

effacement

Answer 6

the walls of the cervix stretch over the head of the baby, thinning of the cervix over baby’s head

Question 7

Transition

Answer 7

cervix is dilated between 8-10 cm

Question 8

1st stage of labor

Answer 8

Dilation and Effacement

Question 9

2nd Stage of Labor

Answer 9

Descent and Delivery

Question 10

crowning

Answer 10

can see the top of the baby’s head

Question 11

Episiotomy

Answer 11

surgical incision that widens the vaginal opening to allow the head to pass to prevent tearing of the vagina

Question 12

forceps

Answer 12

a series of surgical devices that are designed to help move the baby out when contractions weaken and baby is not progressing

Question 13

Vacuum extraction

Answer 13

suction cup on top of babies head and creates tight suction that pulls on the baby; bruising is avoided

Question 14

3rd stage of labor

Answer 14

Delivering the afterbirth

Question 15

Breech positions

Answer 15

baby is born other ways that aren’t head first

Question 16

prolapsed cord

Answer 16

when head creates pressure against cord, blocking off blood supply and oxygen * EMERGENCY *

Question 17

Placental abruption

Answer 17

when placenta separates; not that frequent

Question 18

cesarean delivery

Answer 18

take the baby out through the abdomen, takes 10-15 minules, reach in and pull baby out

Question 19

Lay midwife

Answer 19

medically untrained to deliver babies, but do it anyway

Question 20

obstetrician

Answer 20

board certified doctor efficient in the safe and efficient delivery of babies typically within confines of hospital

Question 21

Certified nurse-midwife

Answer 21

registered nurses who have 2 years of formal training beyond their nurse training

Question 22

Home Birthing

Answer 22

growing in popularity; very high risk; physicians recommend against it

Question 23

Hospital Birthing Room

Answer 23

Maternity unit; downside: hospital; upside: only real safe location if problems arise

Question 24

Birthing Center

Answer 24

Typically run by certified nurse-midwives; privately operated; stimulated home environment; costs less; has to be within 10 minutes of emergency room

Question 25

Lamaze Method for Prepared Childbirth

Answer 25

Mother chooses someone to be her “coach”, someone she doesn’t fight with; coach’s job is to distract mother from her pain and provide source of constant emotional support; learn how to massage, help with breathing; not against medication

Question 26

Bradley Method for Prepared Childbirth

Answer 26

Coach is more of a boss; central role in directing the experience; really against medication, its like a failure on part of the mother

Question 27

Local Anesthesia

Answer 27

provide pain relief in small area of body; i.e injection into cervix to reduce the tension

Question 28

Systemic Medication

Answer 28

effect the entire system of the mother; orally or inhalation; reduce pain without loss of consciousness; typically include narcotics; downside: may reduce contractions; may get through placenta to baby

Question 29

Regional Analgesia

Answer 29

provides pain relief in much larger portion of body, but stops short of affecting entire body

Question 30

Spinal analgesia

Answer 30

gives injection right next to spine; used for emergency labor, C-sections; provides immediate relief from all pain but may wear off

Question 31

Epidural

Answer 31

provides pain relief from the waist down; injected into spine; takes longer to kick in; continues to add chemicals throughout the birth; may weaken contractions

Question 32

Anoxia

Answer 32

baby isnt getting oxygen

Question 33

Cerebral Palsy

Answer 33

after 7-8 of no oxygen, there is a severe disturbance of motor control center in the brain

Question 34

Surfactant

Answer 34

naturally produced waxy substance that keeps sacs partially inflated so that 2nd breath of baby is easier than the 1st breath

Question 35

Artificial Surfactant

Answer 35

developed and infused into the lungs of premature babies to fill up the sacs

Question 36

CPAP

Answer 36

connects to baby’s mouth, it puffs air to help the baby breath, reduces pressure