Chapter 4: Behavioral Coaching

Question 1

What are the essential elements to mapping out a successful intervention for clients?

Answer 1

1.) Identify determinants of exercise behavior (WHY does someone want to exercise?)
2.) Understand the theories/techniques to drive behavior change
3.) Identify client needs in the first session
4.) Determine most effective delivery style (EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION)

Question 2

Autonomy

Answer 2

Acting in accordance with how you want to behave

Question 3

Intrinsic motivation

Answer 3

Engaging in an activity due to personal satisfaction

Question 4

Third Space

Answer 4

A communal space separate from work/home. It is a place where clients can build relationships while upholding their identity.

Question 5

Behavior Change Techniques (BCTs)

Answer 5

Active elements that are determinants of behavior

Question 6

Self-efficacy

Answer 6

One’s belief that they can accomplish something… “Self image”

Question 7

Behavior Change Techniques Chart

Answer 7

On Desktop

Question 8

Determinants Of Behavior

Answer 8

Generic modifiable variables that lead to a behavior change.

Question 9

What are the 5 stages of change model along with a short description?

Answer 9

1.)Precontemplation (Doesn’t exercise, not planning to start in next 6 months)
2.)Contemplation (Doesn’t exercise, but planning to start within 6 months. AMBIVALENCE)
3.) Preparation (Planning to exercise soon and may already be sporadically exercising)
4.) Action (Individual has been exercising for less than 6 months)
5.) Maintenance (exercising consistently for 6 months or more.)

Question 10

Reflective Listening

Answer 10

Making a best guess at what the speaker means then restating the question for confirmation.

Question 11

Tools for active listening / report building

Answer 11

1.) Asking ?’s (open vs close-ended ?’s)
2.) Reflecting (see reflective listening)
3.) Summarizing (collecting summaries, linking summaries, and transitional summaries)
4.) Affirmations (positive statements about character strength
5.) Asking permission

Question 12

Collecting summaries

Answer 12

Short sentences that keep the momentum of a conversation going

Question 13

Linking Summaries

Answer 13

Summaries that tie info together, possibly from previous interactions

Question 14

Transitional Summaries

Answer 14

Used to end a convo or switch topic/focus

Question 15

Motivational Interviewing

Answer 15

Client-driven approach that is used to resolve ambivalence (mixed feelings, emotions, etc.)

Question 16

Self-discrepancy

Answer 16

Mismatch between who you are and who you think you should be. Without this, there is no reason for change.

Question 17

Sustain talk

Answer 17

Talk that a client uses to justify moving away from a behavior (i.e. Justifying inactivity with work

Question 18

Change Talk

Answer 18

Talk that signifies moving towards a behavior change.

Question 19

What type of strategies are best for people in the precontemplation stage? What are some of the main “concepts” in the precontemplation stage?

Answer 19

Cognitive. People in the precontemplation stage are probably ambivalent (mixed feelings) towards exercise and don’t necessarily grasp the ramifications of not exercising frequently.

Question 20

What type of strategies are best for people in the contemplation stage? What are some of the main concepts in the contemplation stage?

Answer 20

Education/cognitive strategies. ppl. in the contemplation stage have considered exercising so CPTs can have a big influence here. They may still have ambivalence balancing the +s and -s of exercise. Low in self-efficacy, SMALL, ACHIEVABLE goals are key.

Question 21

What are the hallmark features of a client in the preparation stage?

Answer 21

THIS stage is where most clients will fall if they want to meet with a CPT. Most know that they want to start exercising, but they may not have a structured “plan” to do so. CPTs should help clients in this stage formulate a plan for a consistent routine. Increase intrinsic motivation with motivational interviewing.

Question 22

What is the best way to help clients in the action stage (been exercising up to 6 months?)

Answer 22

Help the client stick to their plan even if they miss a day or two here, help them have strategies to encounter roadblocks like an “emergency workout” if they missed their scheduled workout. Don’t let a small slip up ruin their progress!

Question 23

What are some features of clients in the maintenance phase?

Answer 23

Generally high in self-efficacy, don’t have as much of a problem sticking to a program, and may incorporate behavioral change techniques like inviting buddies to workout to stick to their program.

Question 24

If a client is having a conversation with a CTP, then what stage are they AT LEAST in?

Answer 24

Contemplation… Clients in the precontemplation phase have no real motivation to seek out a CPT.

Question 25

Question ladder to determine what phase they’re in stages of change?

Answer 25

On desktop

Question 26

What is the defining feature of the contemplation stage?

Answer 26

Ambivalence

Question 27

What are the 4 behavioral strategies for adhering to a program?

Answer 27

1.) Goal-setting 2.) Planning 3.) self-monitoring 4.) self-efficacy

Question 28

Goal-setting

Answer 28

Make goals reasonable, break down goals into subgoals. Goals are the WHAT at the intersection of HOW and WHY.

Question 29

SMART Goals

Answer 29

Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Timely

Question 30

Outcome Goals

Answer 30

Goal consequences, the “endgame” of the goal.

Question 31

Process Goals

Answer 31

Daily/weekly tasks to reach final outcome of the goal. Increase ability, confidence, and competence.

Question 32

Self-monitoring

Answer 32

The ability to notice external triggers that make someone do a specific behavior.

Question 33

What are the 4 different types of support?

Answer 33

Emotional, Instrumental, Informational, and Companionship

Question 34

What are a few examples of emotional support?

Answer 34

Providing positive feedback, listening to someone vent, positive affirmations, etc.

Question 35

What are a few examples of informational support?

Answer 35

Providing health benefits of exercise, providing negative effects of not exercising, etc.

Question 36

What are a few examples of instrumental support?

Answer 36

Giving someone a ride to the gym, babysitting a kid for someone, etc.