Chapter 4: Acids & Redox Flashcards
Acids, Base, Neutralisation, Titration & Redox
What defines a substance as an Acid?
Dissociation of the H⁺ in solution.
What makes a substance a strong acid?
Where all H⁺ ions completely dissociate eg. HCl
What makes a substance a week acid?
Where H⁺ ions only partially dissociate eg. CH₃COOH
What is a base?
A substance which neutralises an acid to form a salt. Such as ammonia, metal oxides, carbonates, etc.
What is an alkali?
A base which dissolves in water to form a hydroxide ion OH⁻.
What are the products of the neutralisation of an acid?
A salt and water.
How do alkali neutralisation reactions differ from base neutralisations?
Occur in solution.
What is the additional product produced when a neutralisation reaction occurs with a carbonate?
Carbon Dioxide.
What is titration?
A technique to accurately measure the volume of one solution which exactly reacts with another.
What is a standard solution?
A solution of known concentration.
How do you prepare a standard solution?
- Accurately weigh solid
- Dissolve into solution
- Fill in a volumetric flask to the graduation flask such that the solid is in a solution of this known volume
- Invert solution to mix
What is a concordant titre?
Titre’s true to within 0.10cm³
What are oxidation numbers?
Electrons lost or gained in bonding.
What do roman numerals determine?
The oxidation number of the particular atom in the compound.
What is a redox reaction?
A reaction in which one substance is oxidised and another reduced. Decrease in oxidation number is reduction and gain of electrons. Vica Versa for oxidation.
