Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Identify the characteristics of the alkali metals.

A

aka group 1

  • low ionization energy
  • very reactive with water
  • readily forms ionic compounds
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2
Q

Identify the characteristics of the alkaline earth metals.

A

similar to group 1, except they don’t have as low of an ionization energy and they are not as reactive with water however - they become more reactive the further down the column

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3
Q

Identify the characteristics of the halogens.

A
  • highly reactive with metals
  • very electronegative
  • good oxidizing agents
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4
Q

Describe the periodic trend for atomic size.

A

Right to left and DOWN the periodic table = bigger size

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5
Q

Describe why size decreases when an atom has more protons.

A

Effective nuclear charge - the protons will “suck” the surrounding electrons

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6
Q

Effective nuclear charge ______ when size ______

A

increases, decreases - or vice versa; inverse relationship

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7
Q

Isoelectronic Series

A

a group of ions or atoms that are from different elements, but have the same total number of electrons as each other

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8
Q

Ionization Energy

A

The amount of energy needed to strip 1 electron from an atom

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9
Q

Describe the periodic table trend for ionization energy

A

Increases as you go from left to right and UP the periodic table; includes noble gases

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10
Q

What are the exceptions for the ionization energy trend on the periodic table?

A

Nitrogen has a larger ionization energy than oxygen

Be has a larger ionization energy than boron

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11
Q

T/F? It is more favorable to have a full filled 2s orbital than a half filled.

A

TRUE

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12
Q

Which has a larger atomic radius? O2- or O2? Explain why.

A

O2 is larger

Atoms become smaller when they become ions; lose electrons = smaller, gain electrons = bigger

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13
Q

Which atom has the highest electron affinity?

a) Fluorine
b) Chloride
c) Helium
d) Francium

A

B

recall that electron affinity follows the same exact trend as electronegativity (with F being the most electronegative) - except with the trend of electron affinity - Cl has the most affinity for electrons!

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