Chapter 4 Flashcards
1
Q
Semiosis
A
- the process by which the signs are created
2
Q
Semiotics
A
- the study of semiosis
3
Q
Types of Signs
A
- a given sign may share aspects of all 3 kinds of signs
1. Icon (Iconic signs)
2. Index (Indexical)
3. Symbol (symbolic sign)
4
Q
Iconic Signs
A
- a sign that represents an object by virtue of some similarity with it
5
Q
Indexical
A
- a sign that represents an object by virtue of some factual, esp. casual connection with it
6
Q
Symbolic Sign
A
- a sign that represents an object by virtue of a convention
7
Q
Linguistics Signs
A
- arbitrary relationship
2. referent
8
Q
Arbitrary Relationship
A
- between the signifier (form such as the sound or letter form of a word) and the signified (mental concept)
9
Q
Referent
A
- the object in the real world that the sign refers to
- disconnected from the sign
- ex) snowflake –> picture of snowflake
10
Q
Components of Meaning
A
- Denotation
- Connotation
- Extension
- Intension
- verb and predicates can also be decomposed
11
Q
Denotation
A
- establishing a connection with reality (material world, human perceptions of it, human society) or imagined reality
- connection is established via a sign (word, phrase, sentence)
- CULTURE SPECIFIC
12
Q
Connotation
A
association of a sign with other signs
- imagined connections between concepts which may or may not be based on connections of referents (objects) in real life
- STRONGLY CULTURE SPECIFIC
13
Q
Extension
A
- a set of all possible referents
- ex) “workers of the world, carrots of the world”
14
Q
Intension
A
- componential analysis or semantic decomposition of semantic figures
- ex) carrot (-human, +plant, +vegetable, +edible)
15
Q
Verbs and Predicate can also be Decomposed
A
- work = do [work]
- sleep = do [sleep]
- learn = become known
- receive = become have
- kill = do [cause[become dead]]
