Chapter 4

Question 1

most processes are ——–

Answer 1

reversible

Question 2

Dynamic Equilibrium:

Answer 2

rate of forward reactions= rate of reverse reaction. Concentrations of reactants and products no longer change

Question 3

dynamic equilibrium does not imply what?

Answer 3

that the concentrations are equal at equilibrium

Question 4

K»1

Answer 4

the position of equilibrium favors the forward reaction or products or the equilibrium shifts to the right. More produts than reactants.

Question 5

K«1

Answer 5

the posotion of the equilbirium favors reactants or the equilibrium shifts to the left. Favors the reverse reaction and there will be more reactants than products.

Question 6

what is the relationship between Kp and Kc when triangle n is 0

Answer 6

Kp=Kc

Question 7

what are the units for Kc and Kp?

Answer 7

Kc is expressed in molarity

Kp is expressed in pressure unites such as in atmospheres

Question 8

at a given temperature what is the equilibrium constant?

Answer 8

always the same regardless of the initial temp

Question 9

ICE stands for?

Answer 9

initial
change
equilibrium

Question 10

Reaction quotient Qc:

Answer 10

as the ratio- at any point in the reaction- of the concentrations of the products raised to their stoichiometric coefficients

Question 11

Reaction quotient Qp:

Answer 11

for gases with quantities measured in atmospheres, the reaction quotient uses the partial pressure in place of concentration and is called Qp

Question 12

the reaction quotient depends on what?

Answer 12

on the current state of the reaction and has many different values as the reaction proceeds

Question 13

Q less than K
Q greater than K
Q=K

Answer 13

reaction goes toward the right, products are favored
reaction goes to the left, reactants are favpred
reaction is at equilibrium- the reaction does not proceed in either direction, The products and reactants will not change

Question 14

if the reaction mixture contains just reactants Q=0 then the reaction will proceed in what direction?

Answer 14

forward

Question 15

if a reaction mixture contains Q= infinity the reaction will proceed in what direction?

Answer 15

reverse direction

Question 16

The x is small approximation simply means what?

Answer 16

that when x is added or subtracted to another number it does not change that number by very much.

Question 17

L Chateliers principle:

Answer 17

when a chemcial system at equilibrium is distrubed the system shifts in a direction that minimizes the disturbace.

Question 18

equilibrium will shift in what direction?

Answer 18

away from side with added chemicals or towards side with removed chemicals

Question 19

what is the rule of solids when it come to Le chataliers principle?

Answer 19

solids have a constant concentration and therefore has no effect on the position of the equilibrium

Question 20

what happens if we increase pressure by adding an inert gas to the mixture?

Answer 20

there is no effect.

Question 21

when the volume decreases or pressure increases the equilibrium shifts what way?

Answer 21

to the side with the fewer moles of gas particles.

Question 22

when volume increases or pressure decrease the equilibrium shifts what way?

Answer 22

toward side with more moles of gas particles.

Question 23

In an exothermic reaction where is the shift? K will be?

Answer 23

shift to the right, larger K

Question 24

In an endothermic reaction where is the shift? K will be?

Answer 24

shift to left, smaller K