Chapter 4

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

Center of the atom and it is small and dense.

Question 2

Proton

Answer 2

A subatomic particle with a positive charge and it is in the nucleus.

Question 3

Neutron

Answer 3

Subatomic particles that have no charge or a neutral charge and are in the nucleus.

Question 4

Electron

Answer 4

Subatomic particles that have a negative charge that orbit around the nucleus.

Question 5

Orbital

Answer 5

A region in an atom where there is a high chance of finding electrons.

Question 6

Valence electrons

Answer 6

Found in the outer most shell of an atom and determines the atoms chemical properties.

Question 7

Periodic law

Answer 7

States that when elements are are arranged in order of number of protons, similarities in their properties will occur in a regular pattern.

Question 8

Period

Answer 8

The horizontal rows on the periodic table.

Question 9

Group

Answer 9

The vertical rows on the periodic table.

Question 10

Ion

Answer 10

An atom or group of atoms that has lost or gained one electrons and has a negative or positive charge.

Question 11

Atomic number

Answer 11

Determines The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 12

Mass number

Answer 12

Determines The number of protons plus the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 13

Isotope

Answer 13

An atom that has the same number of protons as the other atoms of the same elements do but that has a different number of neutrons.

Question 14

Atomic mass unit

Answer 14

The mass of one atom in an element.

Question 15

Average atomic mass

Answer 15

A weighted average of the masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element.

Question 16

Metal

Answer 16

Elements that are shiny and conduct heat and electricity well.

Question 17

Nonmetal

Answer 17

All elements except hydrogen of which are found on the right side of the periodic table, may be solids, liquids, or gases at room temperature.

Question 18

Semiconductor

Answer 18

Elements that can conduct electricity under certain conditions.

Question 19

Alkali metal

Answer 19

Very reactive metals found in group 1.

Question 20

Alkaline earth metals

Answer 20

Somewhat less reactive than alkali metals including calcium and found in group 2.

Question 21

Transition metals

Answer 21

Gold, iron, and mercury and occupy groups 3-12.

Question 22

Halogens

Answer 22

Located in group 17.

Question 23

Noble gases

Answer 23

Make group 18 and are unreactive.

Question 24

Mole

Answer 24

Collection of a very large number of particles. 6.22 X 10^23 of anything. The base is carbon 12

Question 25

Avogadro constant

Answer 25

6.022 X10^23

Question 26

Molar mass

Answer 26

The mass in grams of 1 mol of a Substance.

Question 27

Conversion factor

Answer 27

A ratio that is derived from the equality of two different units.