Chapter 4 Flashcards
Job
a group of related activities and duties, held by a single employee or a number of incumbents
Position
the collection of tasks and responsibilities performed by one person
Job analysis
the procedure for determining the tasks, duties, and responsibilities of each job, and the human attributes (in terms of knowledge, skills, and abilities)required to perform it.
Uses of job analysis information
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Six steps involved in job analysis
- Relevant organization information is reviewed
- Jobs are selected to be analyzed
- Using one or more job analysis techniques , data are collected on job activities
- The information collected in step 3 is then verified and modified , if required
- Job descriptions and specifications are developed based on the verified information
- The information is then communicated and updated on an as-needed basis.
Relevant organization information is reviewed- organizational structure
the formal relationships among jobs in an organization
Relevant organization information is reviewed– organization chart
a “snapshot” of the firm, depicting the organization’s structure in chart form at a particular point in time.
Relevant organization information is reviewed– process chart-
a diagram showing the flow of inputs to and outputs form the job under study
Selected jobs to be analyzed- job design-
the process of systematically organizing work into tasks that are required to perform a specific job .
Selected jobs to be analyzed- work simplification
an approach to job design that involves assigning most of the administrative aspects of work (such as planning and organizing)to supervisors and mangers, while giving lower-level employees narrowly defined task to perform according to methods established and specified by management.
Selected jobs to be analyzed- job enlargement
a technique to relieve monotony and boredom that involves assigningg workers additional tasks at the same level of responsibility to increase the number of tasks they have to perform
Selected jobs to be analyzed-job rotation
technique to relieve monotony and employee boredom that involves systematically moving employees form one job to another.
Selected jobs to be analyzed-job enrichment
any effort that makes an employee’s job more rewarding or satisfying by adding more meaningful tasks and duties
Industrial engineering
a field of study concerned with analyzing work methods; making work cycles more efficient by modifying, combining, rearranging, or eliminating tasks; and establishing time standards.
Collecting job analysis information - position analysis questionnaire (PAQ) -
a questionnaire used to collect quantifiable data concerning the duties and responsibilities of various jobs .
Collecting job analysis information - functional job analysis (FJA)
a quantitative method for classifying jobs based on types and amounts of responsibility for data, people, and things. Performance standards and training requirements are also identified.
Collecting job analysis information -diary/log
daily listings made by employees of every activity in which they engage, along with the time each activity takes.
Collecting job analysis information – national occupational classification (NOC)
a reference tool for writing job descriptions and job specifications. Complied by the federal government, it contains comprehensive, standardized descriptions of about 40000 occupations and the requirements for each.
Collecting job analysis information - occupation
a collection of jobs that share some or all of a set of main duties
Writing job descriptions and job specifications – job description
a list of the duties, responsibilities, reporting relationships, and working conditions of a job– one product of a job analysis.
Job summary–
described the general nature of the job, listing only its major functions or activities.
- job specification
a list of the “ human requirements,” that is, the requisite knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to perform the job- another product of a job analysis.
physical demands analysis
identification of the senses used and the type , frequency, and amount of physical effort involved In a job.
Ergonomics
a interdisciplinary approach that seeks to integrate and accommodate the physical needs of workers into the design of jobs. It s aims to adapt the entire job system– the work, environment, machines, equipment, and processes– to match human characteristics.
